第十周实验报告（3）

【任务3】（1）先建立一个Point(点)类，包含数据成员x,y(坐标点)；

（2）以Point为基类，派生出一个Circle(圆)类，增加数据成员 (半径)；

(3）再以Circle类为直接基类，派生出一个Cylinder(圆柱体)类，再增加数据成员h(高)。

要求编写程序，设计出各类中基本的成员函数（包括构造函数、析构函数、修改数据成员和获取数据成员的公共接口、用于输出的重载运算符“<<”函数等），使之能用于处理以上类对象，最后求出圆格柱体的表面积、体积并输出。（提示：此任务可以分为三个子任务分成若干步骤进行。先声明基类，再声明派生类，逐级进行，分步调试。——这种方法适用于做任何的项目）

 

（1）第1个程序： 基类Point类及用于测试的main()函数

#include <iostream.h>
class Point
{
public:
	Point(double x=0,double y=0);					 //构造函数
	double getX( ) const {return x;}              //读x坐标
	double getY( ) const {return y;}              //读y坐标
	friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &,const Point &);//重载运算符“<<”
protected:
	double x,y;
};


//Point的构造函数
Point::Point(double a,double b)	
{
	x=a;
	y=b;
}
ostream & operator << (ostream& output,const Point &p)
{
	output<<"("<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<")"<<endl;
	return output;
}




int main( )
{
	Point p(2,3); 
	cout<<"x="<<p.getX( )<<",y="<<p.getY( )<<endl;                              
	cout<<"p:"<<p<<endl; 
	return 0;
}

 

 

（2）第2个程序：声明Point类的派生类Circle及其测试的main()函数

#include <iostream.h>
class Point
{
public:
	Point(double x1,double y1)
	{
		x=x1;	
		y=y1;
	}//构造函数
	double getX( )  {return x;}              //读x坐标
	double getY( )  {return y;}              //读y坐标
	friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &,const Point &);//重载运算符“<<”
protected:
	double x,y;
};


ostream & operator << (ostream& output,const Point &p)
{
	output<<"("<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<")"<<endl;
	return output;
}



class Circle:public Point   //circle是Point类的公用派生类  
{  
public:  
    Circle(double x1,double y1,double r1):Point(x1,y1)
	{
		r=r1; 
	} 
	
    double area ( ) ;                   //计算圆面积  
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, Circle &);//重载运算符“<<”  
protected:  
    double r;  
};  


double Circle::area( )   
{  
    return 3.14159*r*r;  
}  


ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Circle &c)  
{  
    output<<"x="<<c.x<<",y="<<c.y<<",r="<<c.r<<",area="<<c.area( )<<endl;  
    return output;  
}  





int main( )
{
	Point p(2,3); 
	cout<<"x="<<p.getX( )<<",y="<<p.getY( )<<endl;                              
	cout<<"p:"<<p<<endl; 
	Circle c(2,3,4);
	cout<<"c:"<<c<<endl;
	return 0;
}

 

 

（3）第3个程序：声明Circle的派生类Cylinder及测试的main()函数

#include <iostream.h>
class Point
{
public:
	Point(double x1,double y1)
	{
		x=x1;	
		y=y1;
	}//构造函数
	double getX( )  {return x;}              //读x坐标
	double getY( )  {return y;}              //读y坐标
	friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &,const Point &);//重载运算符“<<”
protected:
	double x,y;
};


ostream & operator << (ostream& output,const Point &p)
{
	output<<"("<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<")"<<endl;
	return output;
}



class Circle:public Point   //circle是Point类的公用派生类  
{  
public:  
    Circle(double x1,double y1,double r1):Point(x1,y1)
	{
		r=r1; 
	} 
	
    double area ( ) ;                   //计算圆面积  
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, Circle &);//重载运算符“<<”  
protected:  
    double r;  
};  


double Circle::area( )   
{  
    return 3.14159*r*r;  
}  


ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Circle &c)  
{  
    output<<"x="<<c.x<<",y="<<c.y<<",r="<<c.r<<endl<<"area="<<c.area( )<<endl;  
    return output;  
}  


class Cylinder:public Circle  
{  
public:  
    Cylinder (double x1,double y1,double r1,double h1):Circle(x1,y1,r1)//构造函数 
	{
		height=h1;
	}
  
    double area( ) ;                         //计算圆表面积  
    double volume( ) ;                       //计算圆柱体积  
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, Cylinder&);//重载运算符“<<”  
protected:  
    double height;                               //圆柱高  
};  
double Cylinder::area( )  
{   
    return 2*Circle::area( )+2*3.14159*r*height;  
}  
double Cylinder::volume() 
{  
    return Circle::area()*height;  
}  
ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Cylinder& h)  
{  
    output<<"x="<<h.x<<",y="<<h.y<<",r="<<h.r<<",h="<<h.height<<endl 
        <<"area="<<h.area( )<<", volume="<<h.volume( )<<endl;  
    return output;  
}  

 





int main( )
{
	Point p(2,3); 
	cout<<"x="<<p.getX( )<<",y="<<p.getY( )<<endl;                              
	cout<<"p:"<<p<<endl; 
	Circle c(2,3,4);
	cout<<"c:"<<c<<endl;
	Cylinder h(2,3,4,5);
	cout<<"h:"<<h<<endl;
	return 0;
}

 

 

 

总结：只要功夫深，铁棒磨成针、