MySQL 多实例详解

MySQL多实例配置方法

      1、单一配置文件

      2、多配置文件。

二、实战步骤：

   1、同步时间

   2、准备mysql依赖包

   3、环境准备

           3.1添加mysql用户

           3.2编译安装mysql

      4、安装MySQL多实例

   5、准备配置文件

   6、启动MySQL

   7、登录mysql与一些安全措施

   8、关闭MySQL

   9,、提供简易管理脚本

   10、为mysql的root用户创建密码

   11、附，多配置文件安装mysql多实例，这里增加mysql 的3309端口

   12、总结

1、同步时间

yum install epel* ntp 202.120.2.101 yum install -y ntp ntpdate 202.120.2.101 hwclock -w

2、准备mysql依赖包

yum install -y autoconf* automake* zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel* libgcrypt* libtool* openssl* yum install cmake -y

3、环境准备

3.1添加mysql用户

groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql mysql ​ mkdir -pv /data/{3306,3307,3308}/data chown -R mysql.mysql /data/ cd /usr/local/src/

3.2编译安装mysql

tar -xf mysql-5.5.45.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.45 chown mysql.mysql -R . cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DWITH_SSL=system \ -DWITH_ZLIB=system \ -DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci gmake make install

4、安装MySQL多实例

cd /usr/local/mysql/ scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3306/ scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3307/ scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/3308/

5、准备配置文件

mysqld_multi --example > /data/multi.cnf #提供多配置文件模板

vim /data/multi.cnf #修改模板，这里比较简易 [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin user = root #这个用户应该有关机权限，然后没有其他的权限。建议创建一个通用的,multi_admin用户控制其它的MySQL用户，这里有个例子 #GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO multi_admin@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password' [mysqld1] socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1 port = 3306 pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid datadir = /data/3306/data [mysqld2] socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2 port = 3307 pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid datadir = /data/3307/data #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english #user = unix_user1 [mysqld3] #mysqld = /path/to/mysqld_safe #ledir = /path/to/mysqld-binary/ #mysqladmin = /path/to/mysqladmin socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3 port = 3308 pid-file = /data/3308/mysql.pid datadir = /data/3308/data #language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/swedish #user = unix_user2

以上是简易的配置文件。这个配置文件只能让MySQL启动起来。

6、启动MySQL

mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/data/multi.cnf start 1,2,3 ss -tnl #查看监听端口 LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 50 *:3307 *:* LISTEN 0 50 *:3308 *:*

7、登录mysql与一些安全措施

mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock1 #指定socket登录

mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> drop database test; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> select User,Host from mysql.user; +------+-----------+ | User | Host | +------+-----------+ | root | 127.0.0.1 | | root | ::1 | | | localhost | | root | localhost | | | node1 | | root | node1 | +------+-----------+ 6 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> delete from mysql.user where User=''; Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from mysql.user where Host='::1'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from mysql.user where Host='node1'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

其余的操作类似，就不在演示

8、关闭MySQL

mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql.sock1 shutdown 建议使用 musqld_multi --defaults-file stop [#,#] killall mysqld 不建议使用

9,、提供简易管理脚本

#!/bin/bash # basedir=/usr/local/mysql bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin conf=/data/multi.cnf export PATH=$bindir:/$PATH if test -x $bindir/mysqld_multi then mysqld_multi="$bindir/mysqld_multi"; else echo "Can't execute $bindir/mysqld_multi from dir $basedir"; exit; fi case "$1" in 'start' ) "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf start $2 ;; 'stop' ) "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf stop $2 ;; 'report' ) "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf report $2 ;; 'restart' ) "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf stop $2 "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf start $2 ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|report|restart}" >&2 ;; esac

10、为mysql的root用户创建密码

mysqladmin -uroot -S /tmp/mysql.sock2 password "123456" #指定socket文件位置即可

其余的操作一样

11、附，多配置文件安装mysql多实例，这里增加mysql 的3309端口

mkdir -pv /data/3309/data chown mysql.mysql -R 3309/ cd /usr/local/mysql scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/3309/data/ --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ cp support-files/my-small.cnf /data/3309/my.cnf

vim /data/3309/my.cnf [client] port = 3309 #这里也需要注意下吧 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4 [mysqld] port = 3309 #注意端口 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4 #注意socket skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 128K datadir=/data/3309/data #注意datadir server-id = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf 2&1> > /dev/null #启动mysqld

ss -tnl | grep 330 #查看端口 LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 50 *:3307 *:* LISTEN 0 50 *:3308 *:* LISTEN 0 50 *:3309 *:*