JUC同步模式中顺序输出和交替输出的经典实现

顺序输出

park-unpark版

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
        while (true) {
            //try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
            // 当没有许可时，当前线程暂停运行；有许可时，用掉这个许可，当前线程恢复运行
            LockSupport.park();
            System.out.println("1");
        }
    });
    Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> {
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("2");
            // 给线程 t1 发放『许可』（多次连续调用 unpark 只会发放一个『许可』）
            LockSupport.unpark(t1);
            try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
        }
    });
    t1.start();
    t2.start();
}

wait-notify版

static final Object lock = new Object();
// 标记 t2 是否运行过
static boolean t2runned = false;
public static void main(String[] args) {
    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
		synchronized (lock) {
            while (!t2runned) {
                try {
                    lock.wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            sout("1");
        }
    }, "t1");
    
    Thread t2 = new Thraed(() -> {
        synchronized (lock) {
           	sout("2");
            t2runned = true;
            lock.notify();
        }
    }, "t2");
    
    t1.start();
    t2.start();
}

交替输出

ReentrantLock版

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class Demo04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        AwaitSignal awaitSignal = new AwaitSignal(5);
        Condition a = awaitSignal.newCondition();
        Condition b = awaitSignal.newCondition();
        Condition c = awaitSignal.newCondition();

        new Thread(() -> {
            awaitSignal.print("a", a, b);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            awaitSignal.print("b", b, c);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            awaitSignal.print("c", c, a);
        }).start();

        Thread.sleep(1000);
        awaitSignal.lock(); // 主线程获得锁，因为要操作锁的条件变量了
        try {
            System.out.println("开始 ...");
            a.signal(); // 唤醒锁的条件变量a中的所有等待线程
        } finally {
            awaitSignal.unlock();
        }
    }
}

class AwaitSignal extends ReentrantLock {
    private int loopNumber;

    public AwaitSignal(int loopNumber) {
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param str 要打印的内容
     * @param current 线程等待时需被唤醒时的条件变量
     * @param next 下一个需要被唤醒的线程所在的条件变量
     */
    public void print(String str, Condition current, Condition next) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i ++) {
            lock();
            try {
                current.await(); // current条件变量休眠
                System.out.println(str);
                next.signal(); // 唤醒下一个条件变量中的线程
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

wait-notify版

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j(topic = "c.Demo03")
public class Demo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WaitNotify waitNotify = new WaitNotify(1, 10);
        new Thread(() -> {
            waitNotify.print("a", 1, 2);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            waitNotify.print("b", 2, 3);
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            waitNotify.print("c", 3, 1);
        }).start();
    }
}

class WaitNotify {

    // 打印
    public void print(String str, int waitFlag, int nextFlag) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i ++) {
            synchronized (this) {
                while (flag != waitFlag) {
                    try {
                        this.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                System.out.print(str);
                flag = nextFlag;
                this.notifyAll();
            }
        }
    }

    // 等待标记
    private int flag;

    // 循环次数
    private int loopNumber;

    public WaitNotify(int flag, int loopNumber) {
        this.flag = flag;
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }
}

park-unpark版

import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport;

public class Demo05 {

    static Thread t1;
    static Thread t2;
    static Thread t3;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ParkUnpark pu = new ParkUnpark(5);
        t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            pu.print("a", t2);
        });
        t2 = new Thread(() -> {
            pu.print("b", t3);
        });
        t3 = new Thread(() -> {
            pu.print("c", t1);
        });

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();

        LockSupport.unpark(t1);
    }
}

class ParkUnpark {
    public void print(String str, Thread next) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i ++) {
            LockSupport.park();
            System.out.println(str);
            LockSupport.unpark(next);
        }
    }

    private int loopNumber;

    public ParkUnpark(int loopNumber) {
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }
}