装饰者模式:动态地将责任附加到对象上。若要扩展功能,装饰者提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案。
通常装饰者模式是采用抽象类,但也可以使用接口,装饰者和装饰对象均继承同一个抽象类。在这里,我们利用继承达到“类型匹配”。
package com.coffee;
/*
* 饮料类
*/
public abstract class Beverage {
String description = "Unknown Beverage";
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public abstract double cost();
}
package com.coffee;
/*
* 装饰者类
*/
public abstract class CondimentDecorator extends Beverage {
public abstract String getDescription();
}
package com.coffee;
/*
* 具体的饮料:浓缩咖啡
*/
public class Espresso extends Beverage {
public Espresso() {
description = "Espresso";
}
public double cost() {
return 1.99;
}
}
package com.coffee;
/*
* 具体的饮料:HouseBlend 咖啡
*/
public class HouseBlend extends Beverage {
public HouseBlend() {
description = "House Blend Coffee";
}
public double cost() {
return .89;
}
}
package com.coffee;
/*
* 具体的调料: 摩卡
*/
public class Mocha extends CondimentDecorator {
Beverage beverage;
public Mocha(Beverage beverage) {
this.beverage = beverage;
}
public String getDescription() {
return beverage.getDescription() + ", Mocha";
}
public double cost() {
return .20 + beverage.cost();
}
}
package com.coffee;
/*
* 测试类
*/
public class StarbuzzCoffee {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Beverage beverage = new Espresso();
System.out.println(beverage.getDescription() + " $" + beverage.cost());
Beverage beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage);
System.out
.println(beverage2.getDescription() + " $" + beverage2.cost());
}
}