生成数字验证码图片:
from captcha.image import ImageCaptcha # pip install captcha
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from PIL import Image
import random
number = ['0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9']
#随机生成4个数字的数组
def random_captcha_text(char_set=number, captcha_size=4):
captcha_text = []
for i in range(captcha_size):
c = random.choice(char_set)
captcha_text.append(c)
return captcha_text
#随机生成4个数字的图片
def gen_captcha_text_and_image():
image = ImageCaptcha()
captcha_text = random_captcha_text()
captcha_text = ''.join(captcha_text) #将数组转成字符串
captcha = image.generate(captcha_text)
#image.write(captcha_text, captcha_text + '.jpg') # 写到文件
captcha_image = Image.open(captcha)
captcha_image = np.array(captcha_image)
return captcha_text, captcha_image
训练网络及测试代码:
from __future__ import print_function
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from check_img import gen_captcha_text_and_image
from check_img import number
text, image = gen_captcha_text_and_image()
print("验证码图像channel:", image.shape) # (60, 160, 3)
IMAGE_HEIGHT = 60
IMAGE_WIDTH = 160
MAX_CAPTCHA = len(text)
char_set = number + ['_'] # 如果验证码长度小于4, '_'用来补齐
CHAR_SET_LEN = len(char_set)
def convert2gray(img):
if len(img.shape) > 2:
gray = np.mean(img, -1)
# 上面的转法较快,正规转法如下
# r, g, b = img[:,:,0], img[:,:,1], img[:,:,2]
# gray = 0.2989 * r + 0.5870 * g + 0.1140 * b
return gray
else:
return img
def text2vec(text):
text_len = len(text)
if text_len > MAX_CAPTCHA:
raise ValueError('验证码最长4个字符')
vector = np.zeros(MAX_CAPTCHA*CHAR_SET_LEN)
def char2pos(c):
if c =='_':
k = 62
return k
k = ord(c)-48
if k > 9:
k = ord(c) - 55
if k > 35:
k = ord(c) - 61
if k > 61:
raise ValueError('No Map')
return k
for i, c in enumerate(text):
idx = i * CHAR_SET_LEN + char2pos(c)
vector[idx] = 1
return vector
def vec2text(vec):
char_pos = vec.nonzero()[0]
text=[]
for i, c in enumerate(char_pos):
char_at_pos = i #c/63
char_idx = c % CHAR_SET_LEN
if char_idx < 10:
char_code = char_idx + ord('0')
elif char_idx <36:
char_code = char_idx - 10 + ord('A')
elif char_idx < 62:
char_code = char_idx- 36 + ord('a')
elif char_idx == 62:
char_code = ord('_')
else:
raise ValueError('error')
text.append(chr(char_code))
return "".join(text)
def get_next_batch(batch_size=128):
batch_x = np.zeros([batch_size, IMAGE_HEIGHT*IMAGE_WIDTH])
batch_y = np.zeros([batch_size, MAX_CAPTCHA*CHAR_SET_LEN])
# 有时生成图像大小不是(60, 160, 3)
def wrap_gen_captcha_text_and_image():
while True:
text, image = gen_captcha_text_and_image()
if image.shape == (60, 160, 3):
return text, image
for i in range(batch_size):
text, image = wrap_gen_captcha_text_and_image()
image = convert2gray(image)
batch_x[i,:] = image.flatten() / 255 # (image.flatten()-128)/128 mean为0
batch_y[i,:] = text2vec(text)
return batch_x, batch_y
X = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, IMAGE_HEIGHT*IMAGE_WIDTH])
Y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, MAX_CAPTCHA*CHAR_SET_LEN])
keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32) # dropout
# 定义卷积神经网络
def crack_captcha_cnn(w_alpha=0.01, b_alpha=0.1):
x = tf.reshape(X, shape=[-1, IMAGE_HEIGHT, IMAGE_WIDTH, 1])
# 3层卷积网络
w_c1 = tf.Variable(w_alpha*tf.random_normal([3, 3, 1, 32]))
b_c1 = tf.Variable(b_alpha*tf.random_normal([32]))
#下面不去掉激励函数relu就会出现训练准确度在0.1左右变化,不知道为什么别人加上就可以的,
#而我这里要去掉才正常???
conv1 = tf.nn.bias_add(tf.nn.conv2d(x, w_c1, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME'), b_c1)
conv1 = tf.nn.max_pool(conv1, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1], strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME')
conv1 = tf.nn.dropout(conv1, keep_prob)
w_c2 = tf.Variable(w_alpha*tf.random_normal([3, 3, 32, 64]))
b_c2 = tf.Variable(b_alpha*tf.random_normal([64]))
conv2 = tf.nn.bias_add(tf.nn.conv2d(conv1, w_c2, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME'), b_c2)
conv2 = tf.nn.max_pool(conv2, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1], strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME')
conv2 = tf.nn.dropout(conv2, keep_prob)
w_c3 = tf.Variable(w_alpha*tf.random_normal([3, 3, 64, 64]))
b_c3 = tf.Variable(b_alpha*tf.random_normal([64]))
conv3 = tf.nn.bias_add(tf.nn.conv2d(conv2, w_c3, strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding='SAME'), b_c3)
conv3 = tf.nn.max_pool(conv3, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1], strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding='SAME')
conv3 = tf.nn.dropout(conv3, keep_prob)
# Fully connected layer
w_d = tf.Variable(w_alpha*tf.random_normal([8*32*40, 1024]))
b_d = tf.Variable(b_alpha*tf.random_normal([1024]))
dense = tf.reshape(conv3, [-1, w_d.get_shape().as_list()[0]])
dense = tf.nn.relu(tf.add(tf.matmul(dense, w_d), b_d))
dense = tf.nn.dropout(dense, keep_prob)
w_out = tf.Variable(w_alpha*tf.random_normal([1024, MAX_CAPTCHA*CHAR_SET_LEN]))
b_out = tf.Variable(b_alpha*tf.random_normal([MAX_CAPTCHA*CHAR_SET_LEN]))
out = tf.add(tf.matmul(dense, w_out), b_out)
return out
#训练
def train_crack_captcha_cnn():
output = crack_captcha_cnn()
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.sigmoid_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits=output, labels=Y))
optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(learning_rate=0.001).minimize(loss)
predict = tf.reshape(output, [-1, MAX_CAPTCHA, CHAR_SET_LEN])
max_idx_p = tf.argmax(predict, 2)
max_idx_l = tf.argmax(tf.reshape(Y, [-1, MAX_CAPTCHA, CHAR_SET_LEN]), 2)
correct_pred = tf.equal(max_idx_p, max_idx_l)
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_pred, tf.float32))
saver = tf.train.Saver()
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
for step in range(2000):
batch_x, batch_y = get_next_batch(64)
_, loss_ = sess.run([optimizer, loss], feed_dict={X: batch_x, Y: batch_y, keep_prob: 0.75})
print(step, loss_)
if step % 100 == 0:
batch_x_test, batch_y_test = get_next_batch(100)
acc = sess.run(accuracy, feed_dict={X: batch_x_test, Y: batch_y_test, keep_prob: 1.})
print("acc=", acc)
if acc > 0.9:
saver.save(sess, "crack_capcha.model", global_step=step)
train_crack_captcha_cnn()
#测试
def crack_captcha_test():
output = crack_captcha_cnn()
saver = tf.train.Saver()
with tf.Session() as sess:
saver.restore(sess, tf.train.latest_checkpoint('.'))
predict = tf.argmax(tf.reshape(output, [-1, MAX_CAPTCHA, CHAR_SET_LEN]), 2)
count = 0
all_count = 100
for i in range(all_count):
text, image = gen_captcha_text_and_image()
gray_image = convert2gray(image)
captcha_image = gray_image.flatten() / 255
text_list = sess.run(predict, feed_dict={X: [captcha_image], keep_prob: 1})
predict_text = text_list[0].tolist()
predict_text = str(predict_text)
predict_text = predict_text.replace("[", "").replace("]", "").replace(",", "").replace(" ","")
if text == predict_text:
count += 1
check_result = ",预测结果正确"
else:
f = plt.figure()
ax = f.add_subplot(111)
ax.text(0.1, 0.9,text, ha='center', va='center', transform=ax.transAxes)
plt.imshow(image)
plt.show()
check_result = ",预测结果不正确"
print("正确: {} 预测: {}".format(text, predict_text) + check_result)
print("正确率:" , count, "/", all_count)
crack_captcha_test()
结果: