Linux平台用C++实现事件对象，同步线程

 

     前文在Win32平台上用C++实现了事件对象Event，对线程进行同步，以达到期望目的。这次在Linux平台上实现与之类似的事件对象。与其相关的一组API包括：pthread_mutex_init，pthread_cond_init，pthread_mutex_lock，pthread_cond_wait，pthread_mutex_unlock，pthread_cond_broadcast，pthread_cond_timedwait，pthread_cond_destroy，pthread_mutex_destroy。这些API的说明可以在这里找到：http://www.9linux.com/。下边，是封装的事件对象类，以及测试代码。使用VS2005编辑，在虚拟机 Fedora 13中编译，测试通过。

MyEvent.h

#ifndef My_Event_Header
#define My_Event_Header

#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <errno.h>

using namespace std;

//---------------------------------------------------------------

class CEventImpl
{
protected:
	
	/*
	 动态方式初始化互斥锁,初始化状态变量m_cond
	`bAutoReset  true   人工重置
				 false  自动重置
	*/
	CEventImpl(bool manualReset);		
	
	/*
	 注销互斥锁,注销状态变量m_cond
	*/
	~CEventImpl();

	/*
	 将当前事件对象设置为有信号状态
	 若自动重置，则等待该事件对象的所有线程只有一个可被调度
	 若人工重置，则等待该事件对象的所有线程变为可被调度
	*/
	void SetImpl();

	/*
	 以当前事件对象，阻塞线程，将其永远挂起
	 直到事件对象被设置为有信号状态
	*/
	bool WaitImpl();

	/*
	 以当前事件对象，阻塞线程，将其挂起指定时间间隔
	 之后线程自动恢复可调度
	*/
	bool WaitImpl(long milliseconds);

	/*
	 将当前事件对象设置为无信号状态
	*/
	void ResetImpl();

private:
	bool            m_manual;
	volatile bool   m_state;
	pthread_mutex_t m_mutex;
	pthread_cond_t  m_cond;
};

inline void CEventImpl::SetImpl()
{
	if (pthread_mutex_lock(&m_mutex))	
		cout<<"cannot signal event (lock)"<<endl;

	//设置状态变量为true，对应有信号
	m_state = true;

	//cout<<"CEventImpl::SetImpl m_state = "<<m_state<<endl;

	//重新激活所有在等待m_cond变量的线程
	if (pthread_cond_broadcast(&m_cond))
	{
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);
		cout<<"cannot signal event"<<endl;
	}
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);
}

inline void CEventImpl::ResetImpl()
{
	if (pthread_mutex_lock(&m_mutex))	
		cout<<"cannot reset event"<<endl;

	//设置状态变量为false，对应无信号
	m_state = false;

	//cout<<"CEventImpl::ResetImpl m_state = "<<m_state<<endl;

	pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------

class CMyEvent: private CEventImpl
{
public:
	CMyEvent(bool bManualReset = true);
	~CMyEvent();

	void Set();
	bool Wait();
	bool Wait(long milliseconds);
	bool TryWait(long milliseconds);
	void Reset();

private:
	CMyEvent(const CMyEvent&);
	CMyEvent& operator = (const CMyEvent&);
};


inline void CMyEvent::Set()
{
	SetImpl();
}

inline bool CMyEvent::Wait()
{
	return WaitImpl();
}

inline bool CMyEvent::Wait(long milliseconds)
{
	if (!WaitImpl(milliseconds))
	{
		cout<<"time out"<<endl;
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		return true;
	}
}

inline bool CMyEvent::TryWait(long milliseconds)
{
	return WaitImpl(milliseconds);
}

inline void CMyEvent::Reset()
{
	ResetImpl();
}

#endif

MyEvent.cpp

#include "MyEvent.h"
#include <sys/time.h>

CEventImpl::CEventImpl(bool manualReset): m_manual(manualReset), m_state(false)
{
	if (pthread_mutex_init(&m_mutex, NULL))
		cout<<"cannot create event (mutex)"<<endl;
	if (pthread_cond_init(&m_cond, NULL))
		cout<<"cannot create event (condition)"<<endl;
}

CEventImpl::~CEventImpl()
{
	pthread_cond_destroy(&m_cond);
	pthread_mutex_destroy(&m_mutex);
}

bool CEventImpl::WaitImpl()
{
	if (pthread_mutex_lock(&m_mutex))
	{
		cout<<"wait for event failed (lock)"<<endl; 
		return false;
	}
	while (!m_state) 
	{
		//cout<<"CEventImpl::WaitImpl while m_state = "<<m_state<<endl;

		//对互斥体进行原子的解锁工作,然后等待状态信号
		if (pthread_cond_wait(&m_cond, &m_mutex))
		{
			pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);
			cout<<"wait for event failed"<<endl;
			return false;
		}
	}
	if (m_manual)
		m_state = false;
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);

	//cout<<"CEventImpl::WaitImpl end m_state = "<<m_state<<endl;

	return true;
}

bool CEventImpl::WaitImpl(long milliseconds)
{
	int rc = 0;
	struct timespec abstime;
	struct timeval tv;
	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
	abstime.tv_sec  = tv.tv_sec + milliseconds / 1000;
	abstime.tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec*1000 + (milliseconds % 1000)*1000000;
	if (abstime.tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
	{
		abstime.tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
		abstime.tv_sec++;
	}

	if (pthread_mutex_lock(&m_mutex) != 0)
	{
		cout<<"wait for event failed (lock)"<<endl; 
		return false;
	}
	while (!m_state) 
	{
		//自动释放互斥体并且等待m_cond状态,并且限制了最大的等待时间
		if ((rc = pthread_cond_timedwait(&m_cond, &m_mutex, &abstime)))
		{
			if (rc == ETIMEDOUT) break;
			pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);
			cout<<"cannot wait for event"<<endl;
			return false;
		}
	}
	if (rc == 0 && m_manual) 
		m_state = false;
	pthread_mutex_unlock(&m_mutex);
	return rc == 0;
}

CMyEvent::CMyEvent(bool bManualReset): CEventImpl(bManualReset)
{
}

CMyEvent::~CMyEvent()
{
}

    下边是测试代码

// pthread_event.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include <unistd.h>
#include "MyEvent.h"

#define PRINT_TIMES 10

//创建一个人工自动重置事件对象
CMyEvent g_myEvent;
int g_iNum = 0;


//线程函数1
void * ThreadProc1(void *pParam)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < PRINT_TIMES; i++)
	{
		g_iNum++;
		cout<<"ThreadProc1 do print, Num = "<<g_iNum<<endl;

		//设置事件为有信号状态
		g_myEvent.Set();

		sleep(1);
	}

	return (void *)0;
}

//线程函数2
void * ThreadProc2(void *pParam)
{
	bool bRet = false;
	while ( 1 )
	{
		if ( g_iNum >= PRINT_TIMES )
		{
			break;
		}

		//以当前事件对象阻塞本线程，将其挂起
		bRet = g_myEvent.Wait();
		if ( bRet )
		{
			cout<<"ThreadProc2 do print, Num = "<<g_iNum<<endl;

			//设置事件为无信号状态
			g_myEvent.Reset();
		}
		else
		{
			cout<<"ThreadProc2 system exception"<<endl;
		}
	}

	return (void *)0;
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	pthread_t thread1,thread2;
	pthread_attr_t attr1,attr2;


	//创建两个工作线程
	pthread_attr_init(&attr1);
	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr1,PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
	if (pthread_create(&thread1,&attr1, ThreadProc1,NULL) == -1)
	{
		cout<<"Thread 1: create failed"<<endl;
	}
	pthread_attr_init(&attr2);
	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr2,PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
	if (pthread_create(&thread2,&attr2, ThreadProc2,NULL) == -1)
	{
		cout<<"Thread 2: create failed"<<endl;
	}

	//等待线程结束
	void *result;
	pthread_join(thread1,&result);
	pthread_join(thread2,&result);

	//关闭线程，释放资源
	pthread_attr_destroy(&attr1);
	pthread_attr_destroy(&attr2);

	int iWait;
	cin>>iWait;

	return 0;
}

    编译，运行。可以看到，与Win32平台上的测试结果相同，好神奇！

   

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