c++获取本机ip地址

c实现主要是依赖于两个结构体

struct ifreq {
#define IFHWADDRLEN 6
union
{
char ifrn_name[IFNAMSIZ];/* if name, e.g. "en0" */
} ifr_ifrn;

union {
struct sockaddr ifru_addr;
struct sockaddr ifru_dstaddr;
struct sockaddr ifru_broadaddr;
struct sockaddr ifru_netmask;
struct  sockaddr ifru_hwaddr;
short ifru_flags;
int ifru_ivalue;
int ifru_mtu;
struct  ifmap ifru_map;
char ifru_slave[IFNAMSIZ];/* Just fits the size */
char ifru_newname[IFNAMSIZ];
void * ifru_data;
struct if_settings ifru_settings;
} ifr_ifru;
};

struct ifconf  {
int ifc_len;/* size of buffer */
union {
char *ifcu_buf;
struct ifreq *ifcu_req;
} ifc_ifcu;
};
#define ifc_bufifc_ifcu.ifcu_buf /* buffer address*/
#define ifc_reqifc_ifcu.ifcu_req /* array of structures*/

这两个结构体在if.h中

find /usr/include -name "*.h" -exec grep -l "ifconf" {} \; 找到此文件

网友实例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <signal.h>

#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/if.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int  MAXINTERFACES=16;
long getlocalhostip(){

	long ip;
	int fd, intrface, retn = 0;
	struct ifreq buf[MAXINTERFACES]; ///if.h
	struct ifconf ifc; ///if.h
	ip = -1;
	if ((fd = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) >= 0) //socket.h
	{
		ifc.ifc_len = sizeof buf;
		ifc.ifc_buf = (caddr_t) buf;
		if (!ioctl (fd, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *) &ifc)) //ioctl.h
		{
			intrface = ifc.ifc_len / sizeof (struct ifreq); 
			while (intrface-- > 0)
			{
				if (!(ioctl (fd, SIOCGIFADDR, (char *) &buf[intrface])))
				{
					ip=inet_addr( inet_ntoa( ((struct sockaddr_in*)(&buf[intrface].ifr_addr))->sin_addr) );//types
					break;
				}
           
			}
		}
		close(fd);
	}
	return ip;
}
union ipu{
	long ip;
	unsigned char ipchar[4];
};

int main(int argc, char **argv){
	union ipu iptest;
	iptest.ip = getlocalhostip();
	printf("local ip:%x :%3u.%3u.%3u.%3u \n",iptest.ip, iptest.ipchar[0],iptest.ipchar[1],iptest.ipchar[2],iptest.ipchar[3]);
	return 0;
}

实例二：

include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_arp.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

int getlocalip(char *localip);
int main()  
{          

    char localip[30];
	getlocalip(localip);
	cout << localip << endl;
	return 0;
}

int getlocalip(char *localip)
{
	const char* eth0="eth0";
	int sock;
	struct sockaddr_in sin;          
	struct ifreq ifr;
	sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if (sock == -1){
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, eth0, IFNAMSIZ);
	ifr.ifr_name[IFNAMSIZ - 1] = 0;
	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr) < 0){
		perror("ioctl");
		return -1;
	}
	memcpy(&sin, &ifr.ifr_addr, sizeof(sin));
	strcpy(localip ,inet_ntoa(sin.sin_addr));
}

实例三：

int getlocalip(char* outip)
{
int i=0;
int sockfd;
struct ifconf ifconf;
char buf[512];
struct ifreq *ifreq;
char* ip;
//初始化ifconf
ifconf.ifc_len = 512;
ifconf.ifc_buf = buf;
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0))<0)
{
return -1;
}
ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifconf);    //获取所有接口信息
close(sockfd);
//接下来一个一个的获取IP地址
ifreq = (struct ifreq*)buf;
for(i=(ifconf.ifc_len/sizeof(struct ifreq)); i>0; i–)
{
ip = inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in*)&(ifreq->ifr_addr))->sin_addr);
if(strcmp(ip,”127.0.0.1″)==0)  //排除127.0.0.1，继续下一个
{
ifreq++;
continue;
}
strcpy(outip,ip);
return 0;
}
return -1;
}

实例四, 使用shell获取本机IP

string GetLocalIpAddress()
{
    FILE *fp = NULL;
    char buff[256];
    string strIP = "N/A";
    int i;

    if(0 == system("ifconfig | grep 'Bcast'| tr -s ' ' : | cut -d: -f4 > /tmp/ip.lst"))
    {
        fp = fopen("/tmp/ip.lst", "rt");
        if(fp)
        {
            if(fgets(buff, 256, fp) > 0)
            {
                for(i = strlen(buff) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
                {
                    if(buff[i] != '\x0A' && buff[i] != '\x0D')
                    {
                        buff[i + 1] = '\0';
                        break;
                    }
                }
                strIP = buff;
            }
            fclose(fp);
        }
    }

    return strIP;
}

或者：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	const char* shellstr = "ifconfig | sed -n '2p' | awk -F'[ :]+' '{printf $4}'";
    FILE *fp = popen(shellstr, "r");
	char line[20];
	memset(line, 0, sizeof(line));
    fgets(line, 20, fp);
	puts(line);
	
    return 0;
}