面试题16：数值的整数次方

题目描述
给定一个double类型的浮点数base和int类型的整数exponent。求base的exponent次方。
注意几种特殊的输入情况，base为0，以及exponent正负时求指数的差异。
方法一：

class Solution {
public:
    double Power(double base, int exponent) {
        double res = 1.0;
        if(exponent == 0)
            return 1;
        if(exponent > 0)
        {
            for(int i = 0; i < exponent; ++i)
                res *= base;
            return res;
        }
        else
        {
            for(int i = 0; i < -1*exponent; ++i)
                res *= base;
            return 1/res;
        }
    }
};

改进版：

class Solution {
public:
    bool inValidInput = false;
    double Power(double base, int exponent) {
        inValidInput = false;
        if(equal(base,0.0) && exponent < 0)
        {
            inValidInput = true;
            return 0.0;
        }
        unsigned int absExponent = (unsigned int)(exponent);
        if(exponent < 0)
            absExponent = (unsigned int)(-exponent);
        double result = PowerWithUnsignedExponent(base,absExponent);
        if(exponent < 0)
            result = 1.0/result;
        return result;
    }

    double PowerWithUnsignedExponent(double base,int absExponent)
    {
        double res = 1.0;
        for(int i = 0; i < absExponent; ++i)
            res *= base;
        return res;
    }
    bool equal(double a, double b)
    {
        if(abs(a-b) < 0.00000001)
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }
};

方法二：递归实现,使用位运算代替除法及求余运算

    double PowerWithUnsignedExponent(double base,int absExponent)
    {
        if(exponent == 0)
            return 1;
        if(exponent == 1)
            return base;
        double res = PowerWithUnsignedExponent(base,absExponent>>1);
        res *= res;
        if(exponent & 0x1 == 1)
            res *= base;
        return base;
    }