转自 stackoverflow.com https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25773245/ambiguity-in-pandas-dataframe-numpy-array-axis-definition/25774395#25774395?newreg=547fe2de322e46a3a20d6d1aeeba4df9 参考 https://www.jianshu.com/p/9aa448ea397c
原文: I've been very confused about how python axes are defined, and whether they refer to a DataFrame's rows or columns. Consider the code below:
>>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2, 2], [3, 3, 3, 3]], columns=["col1", "col2", "col3", "col4"])
>>> df
col1 col2 col3 col4
0 1 1 1 1
1 2 2 2 2
2 3 3 3 3
So if we call df.mean(axis=1), we'll get a mean across the rows:
>>> df.mean(axis=1)
0 1
1 2
2 3
However, if we call df.drop(name, axis=1),
we actually drop a column, not a row:
>>> df.drop("col4", axis=1)
col1 col2 col3
0 1 1 1
1 2 2 2
2 3 3 3
其中有一位大神的解答非常不错:
It's perhaps simplest to remember it as 0=down and 1=across.
This means:
Use axis=0 to apply a method down each column, or to the row labels (the index).
Use axis=1 to apply a method across each row, or to the column labels.
Here's a picture to show the parts of a DataFrame that each axis refers to:
It's also useful to remember that Pandas follows NumPy's use of the word axis. The usage is explained in NumPy's glossary of terms:
Axes are defined for arrays with more than one dimension. A 2-dimensional array has two corresponding axes: the first running vertically downwards across rows (axis 0), and the second running horizontally across columns (axis 1). [my emphasis]
So, concerning the method in the question, df.mean(axis=1), seems to be correctly defined. It takes the mean of entries horizontally across columns, that is, along each individual row. On the other hand, df.mean(axis=0) would be an operation acting vertically downwards across rows.
Similarly, df.drop(name, axis=1) refers to an action on column labels, because they intuitively go across the horizontal axis. Specifying axis=0 would make the method act on rows instead.
参考中文翻译,总结来说: axis=0是每一列做自上而下的执行,axis=1是每一行做自左向右的执行,强调的是一种遍历的概念