Façade门面设计模式为子系统中的一组接口提供一个一致的界面,应用程序本身将不再直接依赖于子系统原件,而是依赖一个门面,当想要修改某个原件的行为时,只需要修改实现类即可,应用程序本身不需要做任何修改。Façade门面设计模式结构如下:
以JDBC为例演示Façade门面设计模式:
//JDBC Facade
interface JDBCUtil{
public Statement getStatement() ;
public ResultSet getResult(String sql);
public static void close();
}
//MySql JDBC
class MySqlUtil implements JDBCUtil{
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Statement st = null;
private static ResultSet rs = null;
private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
private static final String USERNAME = "root";
private static final String PASSWORD = "root";
static{
// 写入驱动所在处,打开驱动
try {
Class.forName(DRIVER);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("MySql数据库连接失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public Statement getStatement() {
try {
st = conn.createStatement();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("MySql获取Statement失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
return st;
}
public ResultSet getResult(Statement st, String sql){
try {
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("MySql获取ResultSet失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
return rs;
}
public void close(Statement st, ResultSet rs) {
try {
if (rs != null)
rs.close();
if (st != null)
st.close();
if (conn != null)
conn.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("MySql数据库连接关闭失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//Oracle JDBC
class OracleUtil implements JDBCUtil{
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Statement st = null;
private static ResultSet rs = null;
private static final String DRIVER = "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
private static final String USERNAME = "scott";
private static final String PASSWORD = "tiger";
private static final String URL = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.9.143.59:1521:oss";
static{
// 写入驱动所在处,打开驱动
try {
Class.forName(DRIVER);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Oracle数据库连接失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public Statement getStatement() {
try {
st = conn.createStatement();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Oracle获取Statement失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
return st;
}
public ResultSet getResult(Statement st, String sql){
try {
rs = st.executeQuery(sql);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Oracle获取ResultSet失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
return rs;
}
public void close(Statement st, ResultSet rs) {
try {
if (rs != null)
rs.close();
if (st != null)
st.close();
if (conn != null)
conn.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Oracle数据库连接关闭失败,失败原因:" + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public class JDBCDemo{
private static final String SQL = “select * from aaa”;
private static Statement st;
private Static ResultSet rs;
public static void main(String[] args){
//MySql
JDBCUtil util = new MySqlUtil();
st = util.getStatement();
rs = util.getResultSet(st, SQL);
util.close(st, rs);
//Oracle
JDBCUtil util = new OracleUtil();
st = util.getStatement();
rs = util.getResultSet(st, SQL);
util.close(st, rs);
}
}
MySql和Oracle不但JDBC连接的属性不同,一些sql语法也不太相同,使用门面模式之后,将MySql换成Oracle,只需要将具体的实现类替换就可以了,不会影响应用程序。
Façade门面设计模式隐藏了程序内部各个原件之间的合作行为,以及原件本身的操作与设定细节。
门面设计模式优缺点:
•
门面模式可以简化程序库的使用,隐藏所依赖的程序库,降低对程序库的耦合,有利于分工合作。
•
门面模式隐藏了各个元件之间的合作行为,以及元件本身的操作与设定细节,失去了一些直接操作元件的方便性。
•
JDK中门面模式应用:
•
java.util.logging
•
java.lang.Class