ocm认证之手工建库

参考官方文档：

administrator’s guide->2 creating a oracle database-> Manually Creating an Oracle Database

Export and Import Utilities

2 Creating an Oracle Database

• Deciding How to Create an Oracle Database
• Manually Creating an Oracle Database
• • Considerations Before Creating the Database
  • • Planning for Database Creation
    • Meeting Creation Prerequisites
  • Creating the Database
  • • Step 1: Decide on Your Instance Identifier (SID)
    • Step 2: Establish the Database Administrator Authentication Method
    • Step 3: Create the Initialization Parameter File
    • Step 4: Connect to the Instance
    • Step 5: Create a Server Parameter File (Recommended)
    • Step 6: Start the Instance
    • Step 7: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement
    • Step 8: Create Additional Tablespaces
    • Step 9: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views
    • Step 10: Run Scripts to Install Additional Options (Optional)
    • Step 11: Back Up the Database.

 

1、手动建库

1）确定实例名。

export ORACLE_SID=PROD

2）建立密码文件。

[oracle@ocmdb dbs]$ orapwd
Usage: orapwd file=<fname> password=<password> entries=<users> force=<y/n>

orapwd file=orapwPROD password=oracle entries=5 force=Y

3）建立pfile。

cat init.ora|grep -v ^ #|grep -v ^ $ >inittest.ora

在inittest.ora里只包含如下初始化参数：

db_name=PROD
db_files = 80                                                         # SMALL 
db_file_multiblock_read_count = 8                                     # SMALL 
#db_block_buffers = 100                                                 # SMALL 
#shared_pool_size = 3500000                                            # SMALL
#log_checkpoint_interval = 10000
processes = 150                                                        # SMALL 
parallel_max_servers = 5                                              # SMALL
log_buffer = 32768                                                    # SMALL
max_dump_file_size = 10240      # limit trace file size to 5 Meg each
global_names = TRUEI
control_files = (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/control1,/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk2/control2,/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk3/control3)
sga_target=300m
undo_management=auto
undo_tablespace=undotbs
background_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/bdump
user_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/udump
core_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/PROD/cdump4）建立spfile并启动实例。

4)连接实例

 sql>sqlplus / as sysdba

5）创建启动SPFILE文件

sql>create spfile from pfile

6）启动实例

sql>startup nomount

7）手工创建数据库（使用create database命令）

CREATE DATABASE PROD
   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY oracle
   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY oracle
   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk2/redo01b.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk2/redo02b.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk1/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk2/redo03b.log') SIZE 100M
   MAXLOGFILES 5
   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
   MAXLOGHISTORY 1
   MAXDATAFILES 100
   MAXINSTANCES 1
   CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk3/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk3/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
      TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk3/temp01.dbf'
      SIZE 20M REUSE
   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
      DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/PROD/disk3/undotbs01.dbf'
      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

8）后续根据考试题目选择

 

注意事项：

1、注销10g以前的参数

#db_block_buffers = 100                                                 # SMALL 
#shared_pool_size = 3500000                                            # SMALL
2、检查相关文件的路劲及权限

3、按要求选择相应的字符集