plot函数--R语言

1. 函数功能

Generic function for plotting of R objects. 
For simple scatter plots, plot.default will be used. 
However, there are plot methods for many R objects, including functions, data.frames, density objects, etc.
Use methods(plot) and the documentation for these.

用于绘制R对象的通用函数。
对于简单的散点图，将使用plot.default。

2.函数语法

plot(x, y, ...)

3. 函数参数

3.1 : X

x	
the coordinates of points in the plot. 
Alternatively, a single plotting structure, function or any R object 
with a plot method can be provided.

图中点的坐标。

3.2: y

y	
the y coordinates of points in the plot, 
optional if x is an appropriate structure.

绘图中点的y坐标

x,y可以都给，当只给出x，则绘图时默认x为y,生成x关于下标的图形

a <- sample(1:100,10)
plot(a)

3.3 : …

Arguments to be passed to methods
Many methods will accept the following arguments:

要传递给方法的参数
许多方法将接受以下参数：

3.3.1 : type

type
what type of plot should be drawn. Possible types are:

绘制图形的类型，取值有：

"p" for points,

"l" for lines,

"b" for both,

"c" for the lines part alone of "b",

"o" for both ‘overplotted’,

"h" for ‘histogram’ like (or ‘high-density’) vertical lines,

"s" for stair steps,

"S" for other steps, see ‘Details’ below,

"n" for no plotting.

默认绘制散点图

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量)

type=‘l’，绘制线图

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='l')

type=‘b’，同时绘制散点和折线图

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='b')

type=‘c’，只要type='b’的折线部分，散点去除

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='c')

type=‘o’，同时绘制点和线，且线穿过点

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='o')

type=‘h’，绘制出点到横坐标轴的垂直线；

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='h')

type=‘s’， 绘制出阶梯图（先横后纵）

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='s')

type=‘S’，绘制出阶梯图（先纵后横）

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='S')

type=‘n’，没有散点，仅显示框架

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='n')

3.3.2 ：main

main
an overall title for the plot

图形标题

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='b',
     main='每日用餐人数折线图')

3.3.3 ：sub

sub
a sub title for the plot

图形的子标题

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='b',
     main='每日用餐人数折线图',sub='图1')

3.3.4 ：xlab

xlab
a title for the x axis

x轴标题

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='b',
     main='每日用餐人数折线图',sub='图1',
     xlab='日期')

3.3.5 ： ylab

ylab
a title for the y axis

y轴标题

plot(sale$日期,sale$销量,type='b',
     main='每日用餐人数折线图',sub='图1',
     xlab='日期',ylab='销量')

3.3.6: asp

asp
the y/x aspect ratio

官方文档： plot函数