Python与bash间创建/删除文件夹命令的对应关系

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-13 19:04:04 发布

chrww

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-13 19:04:04 发布

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文章标签： python bash

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chrww/article/details/105652125

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对应关系

Python	bash	功能
os.mkdir	mkdir	创建单个文件夹
os.makedirs(exist_ok=True)	mkdir -p	创建多个文件夹
os.rmdir	“rm -d” or “rmdir”	删除单个空文件夹
os.removedirs	rmdir -p	删除多个空文件夹
shutil.rmtree	rm -r	删除某个文件夹和其中全部内容

Python 示例

>>> def list_files(startpath):
...     '''list content in dir like a tree
...     adpated from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9727673/list-directory-tree-structure-in-python'''
...     import os
...     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(startpath):
...         level = root.replace(startpath, '').count(os.sep)
...         indent = '-' * 4 * (level)
...         print('{}{}/'.format(indent, os.path.basename(root)))
...         subindent = '-' * 4 * (level + 1)
...         for f in files:
...             print('{}{}'.format(subindent, f))
... 
>>> import os
>>> list_files('.')
./
>>> os.mkdir('foo')
>>> list_files('.')
./
----foo/
>>> os.makedirs('foo/bar/baz')
>>> list_files('.')
./
----foo/
--------bar/
------------baz/
>>> os.makedirs('fop/bar/baz')
>>> list_files('.')
./
----fop/
--------bar/
------------baz/
----foo/
--------bar/
------------baz/
>>> open('fop/bar/baz/tmp.txt', 'a').close()
>>> list_files('.')
./
----fop/
--------bar/
------------baz/
----------------tmp.txt
----foo/
--------bar/
------------baz/
>>> os.rmdir('foo/bar/baz')
>>> 
>>> list_files('.')
./
----fop/
--------bar/
------------baz/
----------------tmp.txt
----foo/
--------bar/
>>> os.removedirs('foo/bar')
>>> list_files('.')
./
----fop/
--------bar/
------------baz/
----------------tmp.txt
>>> os.rmdir('fop')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
OSError: [Errno 66] Directory not empty: 'fop'
>>> list_files('.')
./
----fop/
--------bar/
------------baz/
----------------tmp.txt
>>> os.removedirs('fop/bar/baz')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Users/chrww/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/os.py", line 239, in removedirs
    rmdir(name)
OSError: [Errno 66] Directory not empty: 'fop/bar/baz'
>>> list_files('.')
./
----fop/
--------bar/
------------baz/
----------------tmp.txt
>>> import shutil
>>> shutil.rmtree('fop')
>>> list_files('.')
./
>>>

bash示例

ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.

0 directories, 0 files
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ mkdir foo
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
└── foo

1 directory, 0 files
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ mkdir -p foo/bar/baz
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
└── foo
    └── bar
        └── baz

3 directories, 0 files
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ mkdir -p fop/bar/baz
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
├── foo
│   └── bar
│       └── baz
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz

6 directories, 0 files
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ touch fop/bar/baz/tmp.txt
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
├── foo
│   └── bar
│       └── baz
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

6 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rm -d foo/bar/baz
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
├── foo
│   └── bar
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

5 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ mkdir -p foo/bar/baz
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
├── foo
│   └── bar
│       └── baz
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

6 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rmdir foo/bar/baz
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
├── foo
│   └── bar
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

5 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rmdir -p foo/bar
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

3 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rmdir -p foo/bar/baz
rmdir: foo/bar/baz: No such file or directory
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

3 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rmdir fop
rmdir: fop: Directory not empty
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

3 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rmdir -p fop/bar/baz
rmdir: fop/bar/baz: Directory not empty
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.
└── fop
    └── bar
        └── baz
            └── tmp.txt

3 directories, 1 file
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ rm -r fop
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$ tree
.

0 directories, 0 files
ouayas-MacBook-Air:test chrww$