Swift: Memory Management -> Weak, Unowned, Strong

~ Weak 和Objective－C的很像 (auto niled)

~ Weak references are optional values

~ Binding the optional produce a strong reference:

if let tenant = apt.tenant {
    tenant.buzzin()<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>//tenant is of weak attribute
}

alternatively:

apt.tenant?.buzzIn()

Examples:

class Person {
    var card: CreditCard?
}

class CreditCard {
    weak var holder: Person? //could be set to nil anytime
    
    init(holder: Person) {
        self.holder = holder
    }
}

* Use strong reference from owners to the object they own

* Use weak reference among objects with independent lifetimes

* Use unowned references from owned objects with the same lifetime (反向指向strong)