5)构建输出目录(Preferences->Locations->Locations)
-
当选择为Default时,Derived Data的目录为~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData。
-
当选择为Relative时,Derived Data的目录为当前.xcodeproj所在的目录。
-
当选择为Custom时,Derived Data的目录需自定义。
不建议使用绝对路径,因为写死之后,换环境或换平台,又要重新修改路径,建议使用相对路径(Relative)。
2)Text Editing
option+command+[/]:Move Line Up/Down
6.环境变量(Build Setting Macros)
(1)查看环境变量宏
命令行进入HelloWorld工程目录,执行xcodebuild命令并带上“-showBuildSettings”参数:
$ xcodebuild -project HelloWorld.xcodeproj -target HelloWorld -configuration Debug -showBuildSettings > xcodebuild_showBuildSettings.txt
则xcodebuild_showBuildSettings.txt中保存了Build settings for action build and target "HelloWorld”,其中dump了所有的环境变量。
(2)Xcode5(Mac OS X 10.9)的部分环境变量
约定1:~=当前账户的HOME目录,例如“/Users/faner”。
约定2:build构建基础路径:BUILD_PATH = ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/Build。可通过“File->Project Settings”查看Derived Data Location。
约定3:环境变量宏(Build Setting Macros)引用格式:${MACRO},同Build Phases Run Script中的语法。
下面是摘选自xcodebuild_showBuildSettings.txt的部分常用环境变量。
(a) ARCH & PLATFORM & SDK
ARCHS = i386
CURRENT_ARCH = i386
PLATFORM_DIR = /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform
PLATFORM_NAME = macosx
SDKROOT = /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk
SDK_DIR = /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.9.sdk
SDK_NAME = macosx10.9
(b) PROJECT & SOURCE
PROJECT = HelloWorld
PROJECT_DIR =~/Projects/Learn Objective-C/HelloWorld
PROJECT_FILE_PATH =${PROJECT_DIR}/HelloWorld.xcodeproj
PROJECT_NAME = HelloWorld
SOURCE_ROOT =${PROJECT_DIR}
SRCROOT =${PROJECT_DIR}
(c) BUILD & CONFIGURATION
BUILD_DIR =BUILD_PATH/Products
BUILD_ROOT =BUILD_PATH/Products
BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR =BUILD_PATH/Products/Debug
CONFIGURATION = Debug
CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR =BUILD_PATH/Products/Debug
CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR =BUILD_PATH/Intermediates/HelloWorld.build/Debug
(d) PRODUCT & TARGET
PRODUCT_NAME = HelloWorld
PRODUCT_TYPE = com.apple.product-type.tool// Project Template: Command Line Tool
TARGET_BUILD_DIR =BUILD_PATH/Products/Debug
TARGET_NAME = HelloWorld
(3)设置环境变量
Product -> Edit Scheme(option+command+R)->Arguments->Environment Variables中可以添加自定义环境变量(Name为名称,Value为值)。
Interface Builder 运行时属性
有时,你需要创建一个透明的视图。在 Interface Builder 中使用透明视图是很烦人的,因为你不能看到它们。有一种解决方案是通过给视图着色使其可见:
给一个透明视图添加颜色
然而,运行应用程序时,这个视图应该是透明的。你可以在代码使用IBOutlet来连接你的视图,在[UIColor clearColor]中设置颜色。但是,我们不要这样做。
Xcode实际上有一个内置的功能!如果你打开Identity Inspector (Alt + Cmd + 3),你可以添加所谓的User Defined Runtime Attributes。因此,在我们的案例中,我们为backgroundColor添加一个条目,使颜色在运行时透明,但是在IB中设计时区分视图。
点击(Alt + Cmd + 3),添加User Defined Runtime Attributes