Java线程池

import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //ExecutorService只是一个接口，Java标准库提供了几个常用的实现类
        ///1、创建一个固定大小的线程池
        ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            es.submit(new Task("" + i));
        }
        ///关闭线程池
        es.shutdown();
        ///2、创建指定动态范围的线程池
        ///CachedThreadPool
        int min = 4;
        int max = 10;
        ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(min, max, 60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            executorService.submit(new Task("cachedThreadPool" + i));
        }
        executorService.shutdown();
        ///3、仅单线程执行的线程池SingleThreadExecutor

        ///ScheduledThreadPool可以定期调度多个任务
        ScheduledExecutorService ses = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(4);
        //1s后执行一次任务
        ses.schedule(new Task("one-time"), 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        //2s后开始执行，每3s执行
        ses.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Task("fix-rate"), 2, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        //2s后开始，以固定的3s为间隔执行
        ses.scheduleWithFixedDelay(new Task("fixed-delay"), 2, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }
}

class Task implements Runnable {
    private final String name;

    public Task(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("start task" + name);
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
        System.out.println("end task" + name);
    }
}

fixedRate和fixedDelay的区别

fixedDelay：在一个任务执行完后隔n秒

│░░░│       │░░░░░│       │░░│       │░
└───┼───────┼─────┼───────┼──┼───────┼──>
    │<─────>│     │<─────>│  │<─────>│

fixedRate：不管任务执行的时间多长

│░░░░   │░░░░░░ │░░░    │░░░░░  │░░░  
├───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼────>
│<─────>│<─────>│<─────>│<─────>│