[转]SAP 物料帐 WIP计算激活

请参考http://sapper.blog.sohu.com/129194637.html

其实WIP通过配置也可以实施差异分摊的。详细参考Note 608162。

另外，如果不实施ML很难实现生产订单的实际成本。因为下层物料如果采用标准价格，则物料投入生产时的成本是标准价，ML也不会更新生产订单的物料的实际成本到生产订单，所以需要开发一个报表，把物料的实际成本从ML取得后，才能计算出生产订单的实际成本。

如果在ECC6中使用了成本中心消耗，还会有下面的问题。

如果对生产的成本中心做重估会影响生产成本中心的作业价格。因为月结步骤先做成本中心结算，再做生产订单结算，最后做ML结算。当ML结算后会重估过帐到生产成本中心，这样生产成本中心余额就不为零了。

在4.6中，价格差异可以在库存和消耗间分配，如：生产投料，工厂间转移，物料转换（309）和库存。但不能把差异分摊到销售，成本中心，内部订单，project, PA segment.scrap 和quality inspection.

在4.7及以后版本中，可通过配置实施销售，成本中心等更新。

ECC6中，即使没有配置相关movement group，销售的差异，只要在CKMLCP中执行了Revaluation of Consumption，差异就会分配到销售中去。但成本中心等需要配置。

Note 608162。

Symptom

You want to activate the WIP revaluation function in the material ledger. To do this you need to enter a password.

Other terms

CNACT; OMXW

Reason and Prerequisites

The WIP revaluation was developed as a country-specific solution for Brazil. As of Release R/3 Enterprise Extension Set 2.00 this function is now integrated in the SAP Standard System. However, SAP decided to only release the WIP revaluation function with restrictions. This is because of the following reasons:

• The function was developed on the basis of Brazilian legal requirements. Possible legal requirements of other countries were not taken into account.

• The function is not complete for some processings (see the restrictions below).

The 'Release with restrictions' status means that:

• There are no release notes.

• The individual functions cannot be executed in IMG or in the SAP application menu but rather only via the transaction code.

• The documentation of the Knowledge Warehouse can only be accessed from the transactions via the 'Application Help' menu.

• You need a password to activate the WIP revaluation in the Customizing. An information message in the Customizing refers to this note. This is to ensure that every user is aware of this information.

Restrictions and special features of the WIP revaluation function are described in detail here:

1. 1. The revaluation of the work in process is carried out for actual costs and not for valuation approaches which are tax-based or on the balance sheet.

1. 2. Restriction from the Profit Center Accounting view:
   The revaluation of the work in process for actual prices is component-oriented, not product-oriented. This means: The WIP revaluation is an additional posting for the standard posting of the work in process. It contains the variances that result from the actual price, which deviates from the standard price, for components and activities consumed for the work in process. However, this additional posting occurs on profit centers and business areas of the components or activities, while the standard posting of the work in process occurs on the profit center and business area of the product or order.

1. 3. The calculation of the WIP quantities for the components and activities is based on the existing 'WIP for Actual Costs' and 'WIP for Planned Costs' procedures of the SAP standard system. This means that the special features of the two procedures are also reflected in the WIP quantities calculated. For example, unplanned excess consumptions in the 'WIP at Actual Costs' procedure are completely assigned to the work in process, whereas they are completely assigned to the variances in the 'WIP for Planned Costs' procedure.

1. 4. The overhead rates in the work in process remain unchanged and are not calculated on the updated basis.

1. 5. Inaccuracies occur in the manufacture of joint products if the main product and the joint product have different percentages of completion. The allocation of the variances to the partially delivered main and joint product or to the work in process occurs in the material ledger as if main and joint product had the same (averaged between the actual values) percentage of completion. This leads to an inaccuracy during the apportionment of the variances to be allocated to the main and joint product.
   However, the inaccuracy described here occurs within the framework of the other inaccuracies occurring in connection with the manufacture of joint products in the material ledger.

Solution

The password for the activation is 'WPSOLUTION'.

The following individual functions of the WIP revaluation can be called via transaction code:
Transaction code Individual function
OMXW Activate WIP revaluation
COMLWIPDOC Display WIP quantity document
COMLWIPDISP WIP report for Actual Costs
CKMACD Value flow display for activity types
CKMREDWIP Value flow display for reduced WIP
COMLWIPARCH Archive WIP quantity documents
CKMARCHWIP Archive WIP for Actual Costs (period records)

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