题目
The string "PAYPALISHIRING"
is written in a zigzag pattern on a given number of rows like this: (you may want to display this pattern in a fixed font for better legibility)
P A H N
A P L S I I G
Y I R
And then read line by line: "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"
Write the code that will take a string and make this conversion given a number of rows:
string convert(string text, int nRows);
convert("PAYPALISHIRING", 3)
should return "PAHNAPLSIIGYIR"
.
分析
1. 题目要求
给出一个字符串,以 zigzag模式。然后按行输出该字符串。
题中zigzag模式如下:加入输入的字符串为 abcdefgi ,要求的行数为3。
a e i
b d f h
c g
输出为 aeibdfhcg
2. 求解思路
我们可以发现,假如行数为m,每一行为字符串 str[i]。
那么,顺序读取将给定的字符串,将读取到的每个字符按照 i 取: 0 -> 1 -> ... -> (m-2) -> (m-1) -> (m-2) -> ... -> 1 -> 0 -> 1 -> ... 的顺序添加到 字符串 str[i] 的末尾。
最后的结果 result = str[0] + str[1] + ... + str[m-1]
3. 代码如下
class Solution {
public:
string convert(string s, int numRows) {
if (numRows == 1) return s;
vector<string> vec(numRows, "");
string result = "";
bool dir = true; // 用于判断是向下还是向上,向下为真,向上为负
for(int i = 0, j = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
vec[j].append(1, s[i]);
if (j == numRows - 1) dir = false;
else if (j == 0) dir = true;
j = j + (dir == true ? 1 : -1);
}
for (int i = 0; i < numRows; i++) {
result += vec[i];
}
return result;
}
};