Datawhale X 魔搭 AI夏令营第四期 AIGC方向 task03笔记

赛事任务：

1.参赛者需在可图Kolors 模型的基础上训练LoRA 模型，生成无限风格，如水墨画风格、水彩风格、赛博朋克风格、日漫风格......

2.基于LoRA模型生成 8 张图片组成连贯故事，故事内容可自定义

使用ComfyUI，其通过模块化的设计，把图像生成的过程分解成了许多小的步骤，每个步骤都是一个节点。这些节点可以连接起来形成一个工作流程，这样就可以根据需要定制自己的图像，流程可视化且操作方便。

核心模块由模型加载器、提示词管理器、采样器、解码器组成

选择模型，构造工作流调整参数后即可执行生成图像

import subprocess
import threading
import time
import socket
import urllib.request

def iframe_thread(port):
  while True:
      time.sleep(0.5)
      sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
      result = sock.connect_ex(('127.0.0.1', port))
      if result == 0:
        break
      sock.close()
  print("\nComfyUI finished loading, trying to launch cloudflared (if it gets stuck here cloudflared is having issues)\n")

  p = subprocess.Popen(["cloudflared", "tunnel", "--url", "http://127.0.0.1:{}".format(port)], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
  for line in p.stderr:
    l = line.decode()
    if "trycloudflare.com " in l:
      print("This is the URL to access ComfyUI:", l[l.find("http"):], end='')
    #print(l, end='')


threading.Thread(target=iframe_thread, daemon=True, args=(8188,)).start()

不断地尝试连接本地服务器 (127.0.0.1) 上的指定端口（这里是8188），每次尝试之间会等待0.5秒。通过 socket.connect_ex() 方法，判断端口是否开放。如果端口开放（返回值为0），循环停止，继续执行后续代码。如果端口未开放，关闭套接字并继续循环。

通过 subprocess.Popen() 启动 cloudflared 隧道，连接到指定的本地端口，并重定向输出和错误流。读取隧道启动过程中的标准错误输出 stderr，如果在输出中找到包含 trycloudflare.com 的URL，就将该URL打印到控制台，用于访问 ComfyUI。

import comfy.options
comfy.options.enable_args_parsing()

import os
import importlib.util
import folder_paths
import time
from comfy.cli_args import args


def execute_prestartup_script():
    def execute_script(script_path):
        module_name = os.path.splitext(script_path)[0]
        try:
            spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(module_name, script_path)
            module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
            spec.loader.exec_module(module)
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Failed to execute startup-script: {script_path} / {e}")
        return False

    if args.disable_all_custom_nodes:
        return

    node_paths = folder_paths.get_folder_paths("custom_nodes")
    for custom_node_path in node_paths:
        possible_modules = os.listdir(custom_node_path)
        node_prestartup_times = []

        for possible_module in possible_modules:
            module_path = os.path.join(custom_node_path, possible_module)
            if os.path.isfile(module_path) or module_path.endswith(".disabled") or module_path == "__pycache__":
                continue

            script_path = os.path.join(module_path, "prestartup_script.py")
            if os.path.exists(script_path):
                time_before = time.perf_counter()
                success = execute_script(script_path)
                node_prestartup_times.append((time.perf_counter() - time_before, module_path, success))
    if len(node_prestartup_times) > 0:
        print("\nPrestartup times for custom nodes:")
        for n in sorted(node_prestartup_times):
            if n[2]:
                import_message = ""
            else:
                import_message = " (PRESTARTUP FAILED)"
            print("{:6.1f} seconds{}:".format(n[0], import_message), n[1])
        print()

execute_prestartup_script()


# Main code
import asyncio
import itertools
import shutil
import threading
import gc

import logging

if os.name == "nt":
    logging.getLogger("xformers").addFilter(lambda record: 'A matching Triton is not available' not in record.getMessage())

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if args.cuda_device is not None:
        os.environ['CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES'] = str(args.cuda_device)
        logging.info("Set cuda device to: {}".format(args.cuda_device))

    if args.deterministic:
        if 'CUBLAS_WORKSPACE_CONFIG' not in os.environ:
            os.environ['CUBLAS_WORKSPACE_CONFIG'] = ":4096:8"

    import cuda_malloc

if args.windows_standalone_build:
    try:
        import fix_torch
    except:
        pass

import comfy.utils
import yaml

import execution
import server
from server import BinaryEventTypes
import nodes
import comfy.model_management

def cuda_malloc_warning():
    device = comfy.model_management.get_torch_device()
    device_name = comfy.model_management.get_torch_device_name(device)
    cuda_malloc_warning = False
    if "cudaMallocAsync" in device_name:
        for b in cuda_malloc.blacklist:
            if b in device_name:
                cuda_malloc_warning = True
        if cuda_malloc_warning:
            logging.warning("\nWARNING: this card most likely does not support cuda-malloc, if you get \"CUDA error\" please run ComfyUI with: --disable-cuda-malloc\n")

def prompt_worker(q, server):
    e = execution.PromptExecutor(server, lru_size=args.cache_lru)
    last_gc_collect = 0
    need_gc = False
    gc_collect_interval = 10.0

    while True:
        timeout = 1000.0
        if need_gc:
            timeout = max(gc_collect_interval - (current_time - last_gc_collect), 0.0)

        queue_item = q.get(timeout=timeout)
        if queue_item is not None:
            item, item_id = queue_item
            execution_start_time = time.perf_counter()
            prompt_id = item[1]
            server.last_prompt_id = prompt_id

            e.execute(item[2], prompt_id, item[3], item[4])
            need_gc = True
            q.task_done(item_id,
                        e.history_result,
                        status=execution.PromptQueue.ExecutionStatus(
                            status_str='success' if e.success else 'error',
                            completed=e.success,
                            messages=e.status_messages))
            if server.client_id is not None:
                server.send_sync("executing", { "node": None, "prompt_id": prompt_id }, server.client_id)

            current_time = time.perf_counter()
            execution_time = current_time - execution_start_time
            logging.info("Prompt executed in {:.2f} seconds".format(execution_time))

        flags = q.get_flags()
        free_memory = flags.get("free_memory", False)

        if flags.get("unload_models", free_memory):
            comfy.model_management.unload_all_models()
            need_gc = True
            last_gc_collect = 0

        if free_memory:
            e.reset()
            need_gc = True
            last_gc_collect = 0

        if need_gc:
            current_time = time.perf_counter()
            if (current_time - last_gc_collect) > gc_collect_interval:
                comfy.model_management.cleanup_models()
                gc.collect()
                comfy.model_management.soft_empty_cache()
                last_gc_collect = current_time
                need_gc = False

async def run(server, address='', port=8188, verbose=True, call_on_start=None):
    await asyncio.gather(server.start(address, port, verbose, call_on_start), server.publish_loop())


def hijack_progress(server):
    def hook(value, total, preview_image):
        comfy.model_management.throw_exception_if_processing_interrupted()
        progress = {"value": value, "max": total, "prompt_id": server.last_prompt_id, "node": server.last_node_id}

        server.send_sync("progress", progress, server.client_id)
        if preview_image is not None:
            server.send_sync(BinaryEventTypes.UNENCODED_PREVIEW_IMAGE, preview_image, server.client_id)
    comfy.utils.set_progress_bar_global_hook(hook)


def cleanup_temp():
    temp_dir = folder_paths.get_temp_directory()
    if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
        shutil.rmtree(temp_dir, ignore_errors=True)


def load_extra_path_config(yaml_path):
    with open(yaml_path, 'r') as stream:
        config = yaml.safe_load(stream)
    for c in config:
        conf = config[c]
        if conf is None:
            continue
        base_path = None
        if "base_path" in conf:
            base_path = conf.pop("base_path")
        for x in conf:
            for y in conf[x].split("\n"):
                if len(y) == 0:
                    continue
                full_path = y
                if base_path is not None:
                    full_path = os.path.join(base_path, full_path)
                logging.info("Adding extra search path {} {}".format(x, full_path))
                folder_paths.add_model_folder_path(x, full_path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    if args.temp_directory:
        temp_dir = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(args.temp_directory), "temp")
        logging.info(f"Setting temp directory to: {temp_dir}")
        folder_paths.set_temp_directory(temp_dir)
    cleanup_temp()

    if args.windows_standalone_build:
        try:
            import new_updater
            new_updater.update_windows_updater()
        except:
            pass

    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
    asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
    server = server.PromptServer(loop)
    q = execution.PromptQueue(server)

    extra_model_paths_config_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "extra_model_paths.yaml")
    if os.path.isfile(extra_model_paths_config_path):
        load_extra_path_config(extra_model_paths_config_path)

    if args.extra_model_paths_config:
        for config_path in itertools.chain(*args.extra_model_paths_config):
            load_extra_path_config(config_path)

    nodes.init_extra_nodes(init_custom_nodes=not args.disable_all_custom_nodes)

    cuda_malloc_warning()

    server.add_routes()
    hijack_progress(server)

    threading.Thread(target=prompt_worker, daemon=True, args=(q, server,)).start()

    if args.output_directory:
        output_dir = os.path.abspath(args.output_directory)
        logging.info(f"Setting output directory to: {output_dir}")
        folder_paths.set_output_directory(output_dir)

    #These are the default folders that checkpoints, clip and vae models will be saved to when using CheckpointSave, etc.. nodes
    folder_paths.add_model_folder_path("checkpoints", os.path.join(folder_paths.get_output_directory(), "checkpoints"))
    folder_paths.add_model_folder_path("clip", os.path.join(folder_paths.get_output_directory(), "clip"))
    folder_paths.add_model_folder_path("vae", os.path.join(folder_paths.get_output_directory(), "vae"))

    if args.input_directory:
        input_dir = os.path.abspath(args.input_directory)
        logging.info(f"Setting input directory to: {input_dir}")
        folder_paths.set_input_directory(input_dir)

    if args.quick_test_for_ci:
        exit(0)

    call_on_start = None
    if args.auto_launch:
        def startup_server(scheme, address, port):
            import webbrowser
            if os.name == 'nt' and address == '0.0.0.0':
                address = '127.0.0.1'
            webbrowser.open(f"{scheme}://{address}:{port}")
        call_on_start = startup_server

    try:
        loop.run_until_complete(server.setup())
        loop.run_until_complete(run(server, address=args.listen, port=args.port, verbose=not args.dont_print_server, call_on_start=call_on_start))
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        logging.info("\nStopped server")

    cleanup_temp()

启动和管理ComfyUI服务器。它通过多线程、异步编程和动态模块加载的方式，实现了对任务的高效调度和资源管理（如 CUDA 设备和内存的优化使用）。同时，还支持加载自定义节点和扩展配置，是一个高度可配置和扩展的系统。 

 主要工作流程为：

1.初始化临时目录

2.独立构建更新检查

3. 实例化服务器对象 server.PromptServer，并为其传入事件循环。实例化任务队列 execution.PromptQueue，用于管理和调度任务。

4. 加载模型路径配置

5. 初始化自定义节点

6. CUDA 内存分配检查和报警

7. 添加服务器路由和进度钩子，设置全局进度条钩子 hijack_progress，以便在任务执行时能够实时更新进度信息给客户端。。并启动任务执行线程，这使得任务处理与主事件循环并行进行。

8. 自动启动服务器（在服务器启动后自动在浏览器中打开服务器地址）再启动事件循环并运行服务器，使用 asyncio 的事件循环 loop 运行服务器，监听指定地址和端口，处理客户端请求。

LoRA（Low-Rank Adaptation）是一种用于神经网络模型参数高效调优的方法，特别适用于在预训练模型（如大型语言模型、视觉模型等）上进行微调的场景。它的核心思想是通过低秩矩阵分解来减少参数更新的复杂性，从而降低计算成本和内存需求。

LoRA 原理

LoRA 的基本思想是将神经网络中的部分权重矩阵进行低秩分解，将原始的权重矩阵W 表示为两个低秩矩阵 A和B 的乘积： W′=W+ΔW=W+A×B其中：

• W是预训练模型的权重矩阵，保持不变。
• ΔW是通过 A×B计算得到的低秩近似更新矩阵。
• AAA 和 BBB 是低秩矩阵，通常 A的维度是 (d,r)而 BBB 的维度是(r,k)，其中 r是秩远小于d 和 k的值。

通过这种方式，LoRA 只需更新低秩矩阵 A和 B，而不需要更新完整的权重矩阵W，这显著减少了需要调优的参数量。

LoRA 的优势

1. 参数效率高：LoRA 通过低秩分解大大减少了需要更新的参数数量，降低了计算和存储成本。

2. 快速微调：由于参数量大幅减少，模型微调速度更快，适合资源受限的场景。

3. 适应性强：LoRA 能够在不同任务中有效地微调预训练模型，而不需要重新训练整个模型。

4. 节省内存：LoRA 只需存储低秩矩阵 A和 B的权重，相比于更新整个权重矩阵所需的内存开销更低。

5. 可扩展性：LoRA 可以在各种预训练模型上应用，包括语言模型、视觉模型等。