AC010--Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable[@more@]

1.AR Master Records in FI
Account groups have a number range assigned to them. Number ranges are of two types:
.Internal: the system assigns you a customer code from the number range assigned to the account group when the new customer master record is created.
.External: You fill in the customer code when creating the customer

2.Daily Accounting Transactions in Customers
*Incoming Payments
.The items are cleared if the customer pays his or her open items to the full amount or with an authorized deduction of cash discount.
.If a minor payment difference exists, this can be charged off automatically.The maximum amount that constitutes a minor payment difference is defined in tolerance group settings.
.Any greater payment difference (outside of tolerance) must be dealt with manually. There are two methods of posting underpayments:
--Partial payment: The item being short-paid does not clear. A new open item in the amount of the payment is created on the credit side. This credit entry shows up right above the open item being paid and it references the open item being short-paid.
--Residual item: The open invoice is cleared and a new open item (residual item) in the amount of the payment difference is created
*You can trigger automatic dunning for a single account (individual dunning notice),or you can have the dunning program carry out automatic dunning for a selected number of accounts.
*Dunning is controlled by the dunning procedure.
*A correspondence request can be carried out:
.Automatically when special transactions, such as bill of exchange charges (bill of exchange charges statement) or payment differences (payment notice) are posted.
.Manually by the accounting clerk
.Using a request program that creates a high volume of correspondence requests simultaneously (periodic account statements, internal documents, standard letters)

3.Business Process - Integration with Sales Order Management
*The combination of a sales organization and a distribution channel is also known as a distribution chain.
*After goods issue,the accounting document debits cost of goods sold and credits inventory.
*After billing,the accounting document debits the customer and credits revenue.

4.Credit Management
*The organizational unit used for credit control is the credit control area. A credit control area can be assigned to individual company codes (decentralized organization) or to a group of company codes (centralized organization).
*Credit management master record is an extension of the customer master record.
*Credit control is carried out as follows :
.When the order is placed, a check is run to see whether the customer's credit limit would be exceeded if the order were to be accepted. If this is not the case,the sales process can be carried out in the usual way.
.If the credit limit is exceeded, the order is blocked for delivery and the credit department has to act. The responsible credit representative can either be notified automatically via remote mail, or can regularly use a report to check a list of all blocked orders.
.The credit representative then clarifies the situation, either by using the credit information system or by calling the customer.
.Once clarification has been made, the credit representative releases the order,and the transaction can be processed in SD in the usual way. If the credit representative decides not to release the order, the order is rejected.

Exercise
Create a customer list
Choose Accounting → Financial accounting → Customers → Information system → Reports for Accounts Receivable Accounting→ Master Data → Customer List.

Track changes
Choose Accounting → Financial accounting → Customers → Master records → Display changes.

Display changes to multiple accounts
Choose Accounting → Financial accounting → Customers → Information system → Reports for Accounts Receivable Accounting → Master Data → Display Changes to Customers.

Create an AR invoice using the Enjoy screen
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Document Entry → Invoice.

Create an AR invoice using the complex posting screen
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Document Entry → Invoice-General.

Post manual incoming payment with difference
Post the incoming payment.
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Document Entry → Incoming payments.
Process open items. → Select the Res. items tab

Check customer accounts
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Account → Display/change line items.

Run automatic dunning
1.Check master records.
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Master records → Change.
Choose Company code data → Select the Correspondence tab → Dunn.procedure
2.Create a dunning run and maintain the parameters.
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Periodic processing → Dunning
3.Create a dunning proposal.
4.Check the customer account.
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Master records → Display.
Choose Correspondence in the Company Code data. The Last dunned and Dunning level fields should contain entries.

Print account statements
1.Check whether this setting has been made for customer so that customer gets a monthly account statement.
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Master records → Change.
Choose Company code data → Bank statement field should contain the value 2 (monthly account statement).
2.Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Periodic processing → Print correspondence→ Periodic account statements

Use the Customers Information System
Due-date analysis using the customer information system
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Information system → Tools → Display evaluations.
Choose Customer standard evaluations → for business area (open folder for your business area) → Due date analysis → to company code.

Account analysis
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Account → Analysis.

List customers with missing credit data
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Credit management → Credit management info system → Missing data.

Maintain credit management master data
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Credit management → Master data → Change

Display and release a blocked SD document
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Credit management → Exceptions → Blocked SD documents.
Raise the credit limit

Complete value adjustments for receivables
Choose Accounting → Financial accounting → Customers → Master records → Change.
Choose Company code data → Select the Account management tab.

Start a valuation run
Choose Accounting → Financial accounting → Customers → Periodic processing → Closing → Valuate → Further valuations.

Transfer the valuation to FI
Select Forward.

Run the balance carry forward program
Choose Accounting → Financial Accounting → Customers → Periodic Processing→ Closing → Carry forward → Balance carry forward.

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