软件系统分析与设计指南--HOMEWORK1

简答题

软件工程的定义

（1）将系统化的、规范的、可度量的方法应用于软件的开发、运行和维护，即将工程化方法应用于软件；
（2）在（1）中所述方法的研究

解释导致 software crisis 本质原因、表现，述说克服软件危机的方法

The major cause of the software crisis is that the machines have become several orders of magnitude more powerful! To put it quite bluntly: as long as there were no machines, programming was no problem at all; when we had a few weak computers, programming became a mild problem, and now we have gigantic computers, programming has become an equally gigantic problem.
— Edsger Dijkstra, The Humble Programmer (EWD340), Communications of the ACM

本质原因：

计算能力的提高超过了程序员有效利用这些能力的能力。在过去的几十年中，开发了各种过程和方法，以改进软件质量管理，如过程编程和面向对象编程。然而，大型、复杂、不明确、涉及不熟悉方面的软件项目仍然容易受到大型、未预料到的问题的影响。

主要表现ÿ