Python 是支持多线程的,并且是 native 的线程。主要是通过 thread 和 threading 这两个模块来实现的。thread是比较底层的模块,threading 是对 thread 做了一些包装的,可以更加方便的被使用。这里需要提一下的是 Python 对线程的支持还不够完善,不能利用多 CPU,但是下个版本的 Python 中已经考虑改进这点,让我们拭目以待。
threading 模块里面主要是对一些线程的操作对象化了,创建了叫 Thread 的 class。一般来说,使用线程有两种模式,一种是创建线程要执行的函数,把这个函数传递进 Thread 对象里,让它来执行;另一种是直接从 Thread 继承,创建一个新的 class,把线程执行的代码放到这个新的 class 里。我们来看看这两种做法吧。
#
-*- encoding: gb2312 -*-
import string, threading, time
def thread_main(a):
global count, mutex
# 获得线程名
threadname = threading.currentThread().getName()
for x in xrange(0, int(a)):
# 取得锁
mutex.acquire()
count = count + 1
# 释放锁
mutex.release()
print threadname, x, count
time.sleep( 1 )
def main(num):
global count, mutex
threads = []
count = 1
# 创建一个锁
mutex = threading.Lock()
# 先创建线程对象
for x in xrange(0, num):
threads.append(threading.Thread(target = thread_main, args = ( 10 ,)))
# 启动所有线程
for t in threads:
t.start()
# 主线程中等待所有子线程退出
for t in threads:
t.join()
if __name__ == ' __main__ ' :
num = 4
# 创建4个线程
main( 4 )
import string, threading, time
def thread_main(a):
global count, mutex
# 获得线程名
threadname = threading.currentThread().getName()
for x in xrange(0, int(a)):
# 取得锁
mutex.acquire()
count = count + 1
# 释放锁
mutex.release()
print threadname, x, count
time.sleep( 1 )
def main(num):
global count, mutex
threads = []
count = 1
# 创建一个锁
mutex = threading.Lock()
# 先创建线程对象
for x in xrange(0, num):
threads.append(threading.Thread(target = thread_main, args = ( 10 ,)))
# 启动所有线程
for t in threads:
t.start()
# 主线程中等待所有子线程退出
for t in threads:
t.join()
if __name__ == ' __main__ ' :
num = 4
# 创建4个线程
main( 4 )
上面的就是第一种做法,这种做法是很常见的,下面是另一种,曾经使用过 Java 的朋友应该很熟悉这种模式:
#
-*- encoding: gb2312 -*-
import threading
import time
class Test(threading.Thread):
def __init__ (self, num):
threading.Thread. __init__ (self)
self._run_num = num
def run(self):
global count, mutex
threadname = threading.currentThread().getName()
for x in xrange(0, int(self._run_num)):
mutex.acquire()
count = count + 1
mutex.release()
print threadname, x, count
time.sleep( 1 )
if __name__ == ' __main__ ' :
global count, mutex
threads = []
num = 4
count = 1
# 创建锁
mutex = threading.Lock()
# 创建线程对象
for x in xrange(0, num):
threads.append(Test( 10 ))
# 启动线程
for t in threads:
t.start()
# 等待子线程结束
for t in threads:
t.join()
import threading
import time
class Test(threading.Thread):
def __init__ (self, num):
threading.Thread. __init__ (self)
self._run_num = num
def run(self):
global count, mutex
threadname = threading.currentThread().getName()
for x in xrange(0, int(self._run_num)):
mutex.acquire()
count = count + 1
mutex.release()
print threadname, x, count
time.sleep( 1 )
if __name__ == ' __main__ ' :
global count, mutex
threads = []
num = 4
count = 1
# 创建锁
mutex = threading.Lock()
# 创建线程对象
for x in xrange(0, num):
threads.append(Test( 10 ))
# 启动线程
for t in threads:
t.start()
# 等待子线程结束
for t in threads:
t.join()
From http://www.pythonid.com/html/fenleiwenzhang/thread/20070704/19.html