惊艳的前端深克隆

1.传统递归

        虽然最笨,但是扩展性也最强

function deepClone(value){

    if(typeof value !== 'object' || value === null){
        return value;
    }

    //value是对象
    const result = Array.isArray(value) ? []:{};
    for(let key in value){

        //具体是深克隆还是浅克隆看具体需求
        //result[key] = value[key]; // 这一步是浅克隆
        result[key] = deepClone(value[key]); // 这一步是深克隆
    }

    return result;
}

const obj = {
    a:1,
    b:2,
    c:function (){}
}

console.log(deepClone(obj)); // {a:1,b:2,c:function(){}} 克隆成功

//如果对象是class的实例化对象
function deepClone1(value){

    if(typeof value !== 'object' || value === null){
        return value;
    }

    //value是对象
    const result = Array.isArray(value) ? []:{};
    //原型保持一致
    Object.setPrototypeOf(result,Object.getPrototypeOf(value));

    for(let key in value){

        //具体是深克隆还是浅克隆看具体需求
        //result[key] = value[key]; // 这一步是浅克隆
        result[key] = deepClone(value[key]); // 这一步是深克隆
    }

    return result;
}

class Test{
    constructor(){
        this.a = 1;
        this.b = 2;
    }

    c(){
        console.log('c')
    }
}

const obj1 = new Test();
console.log(deepClone1(obj1)); // Test {a:1,b:2} 克隆成功
console.log(deepClone1(obj1).c); //执行成功


//如果对象是class的实例化对象,并且原型上还有自定义属性,上面的方法会将原型上的属性也克隆进去,实际是不希望被克隆进去
function deepClone2(value){

    if(typeof value !== 'object' || value === null){
        return value;
    }

    //value是对象
    const result = Array.isArray(value) ? []:{};
    //原型保持一致
    Object.setPrototypeOf(result,Object.getPrototypeOf(value));

    for(let key in value){
        if(!value.hasOwnProperty(key)){ //判断key是不是value的自由属性
            //具体是深克隆还是浅克隆看具体需求
            //result[key] = value[key]; // 这一步是浅克隆
            result[key] = deepClone(value[key]); // 这一步是深克隆
        }
        
    }

    return result;
}

class Test{
    constructor(){
        this.a = 1;
        this.b = 2;
    }

    c(){
        console.log('c')
    }
}

Test.prototype.d = 1;
const obj2 = new Test();
console.log(deepClone2(obj2)); //克隆成功


//如果里面还有循环引用,上面方法还会导致无限递归

const cache = new WeakMap();
function deepClone3(value){

    if(typeof value !== 'object' || value === null){
        return value;
    }

    //判断缓存里有没有
    if(cache.has(value)){
        retun cache.get(value);
    }

    //创建对象
    const result = Array.isArray(value) ? []:{}; //这里还可以考虑是不是 set,Map
    //设置缓存
    cache.set(value,result);

    //原型保持一致
    Object.setPrototypeOf(result,Object.getPrototypeOf(value));

    for(let key in value){
        if(!value.hasOwnProperty(key)){ //判断key是不是value的自由属性
            //具体是深克隆还是浅克隆看具体需求
            //result[key] = value[key]; // 这一步是浅克隆
            result[key] = deepClone(value[key]); // 这一步是深克隆
        }
        
    }

    return result;
}

class Test{
    constructor(){
        this.a = 1;
        this.b = 2;
    }

    c(){
        console.log('c')
    }
}

Test.prototype.d = 1;
const obj3 = new Test();
obj3.h = obj3
console.log(deepClone3(obj3)); //克隆成功

2.JSON

function deepClone(value){
    return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(value));
}

//普通对象
const obj = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}
console.log(deepClone(obj)); //{a:1,b:2}  正常
 
//属性中有特殊类型
const obj1 = {
    a:1,
    b:2,
    c:new Map()
}
console.log(deepClone(obj1)); //{a:1,b:2,c:{}}  c变成了普通对象

//属性中有函数
const obj2 = {
    a:1,
    b:2,
    c:function (){}
}
console.log(deepClone(obj2)); //{a:1,b:2}  c被丢弃

//属性中有递归引用
const obj3 = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}
obj3.c = obj3
console.log(deepClone(obj3)); //直接报错 (无法解析递归引用)

3.MessageChannel 通信的方式来传输一个对象借助浏览器的功能来实现一个异步克隆

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``` <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <style> * { padding: 0; margin: 0; } html, body { height: 100%; padding: 0; margin: 0; background: #000; } canvas { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 100%; } .aa { position: fixed; left: 50%; bottom: 10px; color: #ccc; } </style> <body> <canvas id="pinkboard"></canvas> <script> /* * Settings */ var settings = { particles: { length: 500, // maximum amount of particles duration: 2, // particle duration in sec velocity: 100, // particle velocity in pixels/sec effect: -0.75, // play with this for a nice effect size: 30 // particle size in pixels } }; /* * RequestAnimationFrame polyfill by Erik M?ller */ (function () { var b = 0; var c = ["ms", "moz", "webkit", "o"]; for (var a = 0; a < c.length && !window.requestAnimationFrame; ++a) { window.requestAnimationFrame = window[c[a] + "RequestAnimationFrame"]; window.cancelAnimationFrame = window[c[a] + "CancelAnimationFrame"] || window[c[a] + "CancelRequestAnimationFrame"]; } if (!window.requestAnimationFrame) { window.requestAnimationFrame = function (h, e) { var d = new Date().getTime(); var f = Math.max(0, 16 - (d - b)); var g = window.setTimeout(function () { h(d + f); }, f); b = d + f; return g; }; } if (!window.cancelAnimationFrame) { window.cancelAnimationFrame = function (d) { clearTimeout(d); }; } })(); /* * Point class */ var Point = (function () { function Point(x, y) { this.x = typeof x !== "undefined" ? x : 0; this.y = typeof y !== "undefined" ? y : 0; } Point.prototype.clone = function () { return new Point(this.x, this.y); }; Point.prototype.length = function (length) { if (typeof length == "undefined") return Math.sqrt(this.x * this.x + this.y * this.y); this.normalize(); this.x *= length; this.y *= length; return this; }; Point.prototype.normalize = function () { var length = this.length(); this.x /= length; this.y /= length; return this; }; return Point; })(); /* * Particle class */ var Particle = (function () { function Particle() { this.position = new Point(); this.velocity = new Point(); this.acceleration = new Point(); this.age = 0; } Particle.prototype.initialize = function (x, y, dx, dy) { this.position.x = x; this.position.y = y; this.velocity.x = dx; this.velocity.y = dy; this.acceleration.x = dx * settings.particles.effect; this.acceleration.y = dy * settings.particles.effect; this.age = 0; }; Particle.prototype.update = function (deltaTime) { this.position.x += this.velocity.x * deltaTime; this.position.y += this.velocity.y * deltaTime; this.velocity.x += this.acceleration.x * deltaTime; this.velocity.y += this.acceleration.y * deltaTime; this.age += deltaTime; }; Particle.prototype.draw = function (context, image) { function ease(t) { return --t * t * t + 1; } var size = image.width * ease(this.age / settings.particles.duration); context.globalAlpha = 1 - this.age / settings.particles.duration; context.drawImage( image, this.position.x - size / 2, this.position.y - size / 2, size, size ); }; return Particle; })(); /* * ParticlePool class */ var ParticlePool = (function () { var particles, firstActive = 0, firstFree = 0, duration = settings.particles.duration; function ParticlePool(length) { // create and populate particle pool particles = new Array(length); for (var i = 0; i < particles.length; i++) particles[i] = new Particle(); } ParticlePool.prototype.add = function (x, y, dx, dy) { particles[firstFree].initialize(x, y, dx, dy); // handle circular queue firstFree++; if (firstFree == particles.length) firstFree = 0; if (firstActive == firstFree) firstActive++; if (firstActive == particles.length) firstActive = 0; }; ParticlePool.prototype.update = function (deltaTime) { var i; // update active particles if (firstActive < firstFree) { for (i = firstActive; i < firstFree; i++) particles[i].update(deltaTime); } if (firstFree < firstActive) { for (i = firstActive; i < particles.length; i++) particles[i].update(deltaTime); for (i = 0; i < firstFree; i++) particles[i].update(deltaTime); } // remove inactive particles while ( particles[firstActive].age >= duration && firstActive != firstFree ) { firstActive++; if (firstActive == particles.length) firstActive = 0; } }; ParticlePool.prototype.draw = function (context, image) { // draw active particles if (firstActive < firstFree) { for (i = firstActive; i < firstFree; i++) particles[i].draw(context, image); } if (firstFree < firstActive) { for (i = firstActive; i < particles.length; i++) particles[i].draw(context, image); for (i = 0; i < firstFree; i++) particles[i].draw(context, image); } }; return ParticlePool; })(); /* * Putting it all together */ (function (canvas) { var context = canvas.getContext("2d"), particles = new ParticlePool(settings.particles.length), particleRate = settings.particles.length / settings.particles.duration, // particles/sec time; // get point on heart with -PI <= t <= PI function pointOnHeart(t) { return new Point( 160 * Math.pow(Math.sin(t), 3), 130 * Math.cos(t) - 50 * Math.cos(2 * t) - 20 * Math.cos(3 * t) - 10 * Math.cos(4 * t) + 25 ); } // creating the particle image using a dummy canvas var image = (function () { var canvas = document.createElement("canvas"), context = canvas.getContext("2d"); canvas.width = settings.particles.size; canvas.height = settings.particles.size; // helper function to create the path function to(t) { var point = pointOnHeart(t); point.x = settings.particles.size / 2 + (point.x * settings.particles.size) / 350; point.y = settings.particles.size / 2 - (point.y * settings.particles.size) / 350; return point; } // create the path context.beginPath(); var t = -Math.PI; var point = to(t); context.moveTo(point.x, point.y); while (t < Math.PI) { t += 0.01; // baby steps! point = to(t); context.lineTo(point.x, point.y); } context.closePath(); // create the fill context.fillStyle = "#ea80b0"; context.fill(); // create the image var image = new Image(); image.src = canvas.toDataURL(); return image; })(); // render that thing! function render() { // next animation frame requestAnimationFrame(render); // update time var newTime = new Date().getTime() / 1000, deltaTime = newTime - (time || newTime); time = newTime; // clear canvas context.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height); // create new particles var amount = particleRate * deltaTime; for (var i = 0; i < amount; i++) { var pos = pointOnHeart(Math.PI - 2 * Math.PI * Math.random()); var dir = pos.clone().length(settings.particles.velocity); particles.add( canvas.width / 2 + pos.x, canvas.height / 2 - pos.y, dir.x, -dir.y ); } // update and draw particles particles.update(deltaTime); particles.draw(context, image); } // handle (re-)sizing of the canvas function onResize() { canvas.width = canvas.clientWidth; canvas.height = canvas.clientHeight; } window.onresize = onResize; // delay rendering bootstrap setTimeout(function () { onResize(); render(); }, 10); })(document.getElementById("pinkboard")); </script> </body> </html> ``` ![示例图片](https://devbit-static.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/devbit-static/img/heart.png)
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