苍穹外卖 day2 反向代理和负载均衡配置的代码

为什么要整这些玩意

为了并发，为了容错，为了高可用

一 反向代理的代码

server{
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    
    location /api/{
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/admin/; #反向代理
    }
}

**proxy_pass：**该指令是用来设置代理服务器的地址，可以是主机名称，IP地址加端口号等形式。

如上代码的含义是：监听80端口号， 然后当我们访问 http://localhost:80/api/…/…这样的接口的时候，它会通过 location /api/ {} 这样的反向代理到 http://localhost:8080/admin/上来。

二 负载均衡的代码

当有多个tomcat通过集群搭在一起，就需要一个
upstream，配置一个服务器组，实现多个服务器同时工作

upstream webservers{
    server 192.168.100.128:8080;
    server 192.168.100.129:8080;
}
server{
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;
    
    location /api/{
        proxy_pass http://webservers/admin;#负载均衡
    }
}

如上代码的含义是：
监听80端口号， 然后当我们访问 http://localhost:80/api/…/…这样的接口的时候，它会通过 location /api/ {} 这样的反向代理到 http://webservers/admin，根据webservers名称找到一组服务器，根据设置的负载均衡策略(默认是轮询)转发到具体的服务器。

三 负载均衡的策略

类似于调度算法

weight:

upstream webservers{
    server 192.168.100.128:8080 weight=90;
    server 192.168.100.129:8080 weight=10;
}

ip_hash:

upstream webservers{
    ip_hash;
    server 192.168.100.128:8080;
    server 192.168.100.129:8080;
}

least_conn:

upstream webservers{
    least_conn;
    server 192.168.100.128:8080;
    server 192.168.100.129:8080;
}

url_hash:

upstream webservers{
    hash &request_uri;
    server 192.168.100.128:8080;
    server 192.168.100.129:8080;
}

fair:

upstream webservers{
    server 192.168.100.128:8080;
    server 192.168.100.129:8080;
    fair;
}

四 实际配置文件

一个nginx拖多个tomcat

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
	
	map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade{
		default upgrade;
		'' close;
	}

	upstream webservers{
	  server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=90 ;
	  #server 127.0.0.1:8088 weight=10 ;
	}

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html/sky;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # 反向代理,处理管理端发送的请求
        location /api/ {
			proxy_pass   http://localhost:8080/admin/;
            #proxy_pass   http://webservers/admin/;
        }
		
		# 反向代理,处理用户端发送的请求
        location /user/ {
            proxy_pass   http://webservers/user/;
        }
		
		# WebSocket
		location /ws/ {
            proxy_pass   http://webservers/ws/;
			proxy_http_version 1.1;
			proxy_read_timeout 3600s;
			proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
			proxy_set_header Connection "$connection_upgrade";
        }

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}