Redhat使用问题记录

【问题1】 使用rpm命令卸载软件的时候报了如下错误：

[root@alessio-hp noarch]# rpm -e jdk1.8.0_101-1.8.0_101-fcs
error: %postun(jdk1.8.0_101-1.8.0_101-fcs.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 2

• 解决办法：执行下面命令

  yum erase jdk1.8.0_101-1.8.0_101-fcs
  rpm -e –noscripts jdk1.8.0_101-1.8.0_101-fcs

• 参考链接

  1. Removing an RPM with bad %postun script
     

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【问题2】 Redhat没有注册的时候无法使用yum来安装软件

[root@localhost .config]# yum update
Load plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.

解决办法：

• 卸载redhat自带的yum组件

　rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e –nodeps

• 下载centos yum rpm包 + 安装

  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm
  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
  wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
  rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.2.3-6.el5.noarch.rpm yum-3.2.22-40.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-4.el5.x86_64.rpm
  注：以上连接时间长了可能会连接不上，通常都是版本升级了，你可以访问他的上一级目录，去找名字相同的最新版本。

• 下载YUM配置文件

  wget http://sudone.com/download/CentOS-Base.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
  注：可能下载不下来，可以使用链接拷贝文本到进去

• 验证yum是否可用

  yum update
  注：碰到这个CRITICAL:yum.cli:Config Error: Parsing file failed: File contains no section headers.错误的时候，请检查/etc/yum.conf

  [main]
  cachedir=/var/cache/yum
  keepcache=0
  debuglevel=2
  logfile=/var/log/yum.log
  distroverpkg=redhat-release
  tolerant=1
  exactarch=1
  obsoletes=1
  gpgcheck=1
  plugins=1
  exclude=php* kernel*
  metadata_expire=1h

• 参考链接
  
  1. Force yum update Command To Exclude Certain Packages
  2. yum 失败（This system is not registered with RHN.）解决方法
  3. 修改yum的更新源vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
  4. 将Centos的yum源更换为国内的阿里云源
     

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【问题3】 使用yum install mysql-server报了[Errno -1] Metadata file does not match checksum错误

[root@localhost yum]# yum install mysql-server
updates/primary_db | 855 kB 00:00
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/5/updates/x86_64/repodata/primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno -1] Metadata file does not match checksum
Trying other mirror.
Error: failure: repodata/primary.sqlite.bz2 from updates: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

• 解决办法
  可以参看博客： 解决Metadata file does not match checksum错误

以本机为例：
* #sha1sum primary.sqlite
b7c80f8490b9eb6466fc26d3b63a09bc435c9637 primary.sqlite
* 将sha1值替换repomd.xml中对应primary.sqlite.bz2记录

 <data type="primary">
    <location href="repodata/primary.xml.gz"/>
    <checksum type="sha">e698be95f637a7a9a12a5c2a17ad87472607147e</checksum>
    <timestamp>1475526174</timestamp>
    <open-checksum type="sha">a5df33d490f6cff4e5edad213faa6fdb07e80b17</open-checksum>
  </data>

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【问题4】 使用yum安装mysql的时候报GPG key retrieval failed:错误错误

• 解决办法

# yum install mysql-server expect --nogpgcheck