MSDN dynamic_cast static_cast const_cast reinterpret_cast

• dynamic_cast  用于多态类型的转换

• static_cast 用于非多态类型的转换

• const_cast 用于移除 const, volatile, and__unaligned 属性.

• reinterpret_cast 用于指针和类型间的相互转换

  // dynamic_cast_1.cpp
  // compile with: /c
  class B { };
  class C : public B { };
  class D : public C { };
  
  void f(D* pd) {
     C* pc = dynamic_cast<C*>(pd);   // ok: C is a direct base class
                                     // pc points to C subobject of pd 
     B* pb = dynamic_cast<B*>(pd);   // ok: B is an indirect base class
                                     // pb points to B subobject of pd
  }

  // dynamic_cast_2.cpp
  // compile with: /c /GR
  class A {virtual void f();};
  class B {virtual void f();};
  
  
  void f() {
     A* pa = new A;
     B* pb = new B;
     void* pv = dynamic_cast<void*>(pa);
     // pv now points to an object of type A
  
  
     pv = dynamic_cast<void*>(pb);
     // pv now points to an object of type B
  }

  // static_cast_Operator.cpp
  // compile with: /LD
  class B {};
  
  class D : public B {};
  
  void f(B* pb, D* pd) {
     D* pd2 = static_cast<D*>(pb);   // not safe, pb may
                                     // point to just B
  
     B* pb2 = static_cast<B*>(pd);   // safe conversion
  }

  // expre_const_cast_Operator.cpp
  // compile with: /EHsc
  #include <iostream>
  
  using namespace std;
  class CCTest {
  public:
     void setNumber( int );
     void printNumber() const;
  private:
     int number;
  };
  
  void CCTest::setNumber( int num ) { number = num; }
  
  void CCTest::printNumber() const {
     cout << "\nBefore: " << number;
     const_cast< CCTest * >( this )->number--;
     cout << "\nAfter: " << number;
  }
  
  int main() {
     CCTest X;
     X.setNumber( 8 );
     X.printNumber();
  }

  // expre_reinterpret_cast_Operator.cpp
  // compile with: /EHsc
  #include <iostream>
  
  // Returns a hash code based on an address
  unsigned short Hash( void *p ) {
     unsigned int val = reinterpret_cast<unsigned int>( p );
     return ( unsigned short )( val ^ (val >> 16));
  }
  
  using namespace std;
  int main() {
     int a[20];
     for ( int i = 0; i < 20; i++ )
        cout << Hash( a + i ) << endl;
  }