JPA--SpringDataJPA一对多关联、级联操作

实体类

package pers.zhang.entity;

/**
 * @author zhang
 * @date 2019/12/15 - 22:10
 */

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 *  1.实体类和表的映射关系
 *      @Entity
 *      @Table
 *  2.类中属性和表中字段的映射关系
 *      @Id
 *      @GeneratedValue
 *      @Colum
 */

@Entity //声明实体类
@Table(name="cst_customer") //建立实体类和表的映射关系
public class Customer {

    @Id//声明当前私有属性为主键
    @GeneratedValue(strategy= GenerationType.IDENTITY) //配置主键的生成策略
    @Column(name="cust_id") //指定和表中cust_id字段的映射关系
    private Long custId;

    @Column(name="cust_name") //指定和表中cust_name字段的映射关系
    private String custName;

    @Column(name="cust_source")//指定和表中cust_source字段的映射关系
    private String custSource;

    @Column(name="cust_industry")//指定和表中cust_industry字段的映射关系
    private String custIndustry;

    @Column(name="cust_level")//指定和表中cust_level字段的映射关系
    private String custLevel;

    @Column(name="cust_address")//指定和表中cust_address字段的映射关系
    private String custAddress;

    @Column(name="cust_phone")//指定和表中cust_phone字段的映射关系
    private String custPhone;

    //配置客户和联系人之间的关系（一对多）
    /*
        1.声明关系：
            配置一对多关系：@OneToMany：targetEntity（对方对象的字节码）
        2.配置外键（中间表）
            name:外键字段的名称
            referencedColumnName：参照的主表的主键字段名称

        在客户实体类上（一的一方）添加了外键的配置，所以对于客户而言，也具备了维护外键的作用
        实际情况下，只需要一方维护关系即可
            mappedBy表示：放弃外键维护，由对方维护，取值为对方配置关系的属性名称


        级联：cascade
            CascadeType.ALL:所有
                        MERGE:更新
                        PERSIST：保存
                        REMOVE：删除

     */
//    @OneToMany(targetEntity = LinkMan.class)
//    @JoinColumn(name = "lkm_cust_id", referencedColumnName = "cust_id")
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "customer", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    private Set<LinkMan> linkMans = new HashSet<>();

    public Set<LinkMan> getLinkMans() {
        return linkMans;
    }

    public void setLinkMans(Set<LinkMan> linkMans) {
        this.linkMans = linkMans;
    }

    public Long getCustId() {
        return custId;
    }
    public void setCustId(Long custId) {
        this.custId = custId;
    }
    public String getCustName() {
        return custName;
    }
    public void setCustName(String custName) {
        this.custName = custName;
    }
    public String getCustSource() {
        return custSource;
    }
    public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
        this.custSource = custSource;
    }
    public String getCustIndustry() {
        return custIndustry;
    }
    public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
        this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
    }
    public String getCustLevel() {
        return custLevel;
    }
    public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
        this.custLevel = custLevel;
    }
    public String getCustAddress() {
        return custAddress;
    }
    public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
        this.custAddress = custAddress;
    }
    public String getCustPhone() {
        return custPhone;
    }
    public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
        this.custPhone = custPhone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "custId=" + custId +
                ", custName='" + custName + '\'' +
                ", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +
                ", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +
                ", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +
                ", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +
                ", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

package pers.zhang.entity;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import sun.awt.SunHints;

import javax.naming.Name;
import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * @author zhang
 * @date 2019/12/17 - 20:23
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_linkman")
public class LinkMan {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "lkm_id")
    private Long lkmId;//联系人编号

    @Column(name = "lkm_name")
    private String lkmName;//联系人姓名

    @Column(name = "lkm_gender")
    private String lkmGender;//联系人性别

    @Column(name = "lkm_phone")
    private String lkmPhone;//联系人办公电话

    @Column(name = "lkm_mobile")
    private String lkmMobile;//联系人手机

    @Column(name = "lkm_email")
    private String lkmEmail;//联系人E-mail

    @Column(name = "lkm_position")
    private String lkmPosition;//联系人地址

    @Column(name = "lkm_memo")
    private String lkmMemo;//联系人备注

    //配置联系人到客户的多对一关系
    /*
        @ManyToOne：配置多对一关系
            targetEntity：对方的实体类额字节码
        @JoinColumn：配置外键（中间表）
            name:外键字段名
            referencedColumnName：外键引用的主表主键字段名
     */
    @ManyToOne(targetEntity = Customer.class)
    @JoinColumn(name = "lkm_cust_id", referencedColumnName = "cust_id")
    private Customer customer;

    public Customer getCustomer() {
        return customer;
    }

    public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
        this.customer = customer;
    }

    public Long getLkmId() {
        return lkmId;
    }

    public void setLkmId(Long lkmId) {
        this.lkmId = lkmId;
    }

    public String getLkmName() {
        return lkmName;
    }

    public void setLkmName(String lkmName) {
        this.lkmName = lkmName;
    }

    public String getLkmGender() {
        return lkmGender;
    }

    public void setLkmGender(String lkmGender) {
        this.lkmGender = lkmGender;
    }

    public String getLkmPhone() {
        return lkmPhone;
    }

    public void setLkmPhone(String lkmPhone) {
        this.lkmPhone = lkmPhone;
    }

    public String getLkmMobile() {
        return lkmMobile;
    }

    public void setLkmMobile(String lkmMobile) {
        this.lkmMobile = lkmMobile;
    }

    public String getLkmEmail() {
        return lkmEmail;
    }

    public void setLkmEmail(String lkmEmail) {
        this.lkmEmail = lkmEmail;
    }

    public String getLkmPosition() {
        return lkmPosition;
    }

    public void setLkmPosition(String lkmPosition) {
        this.lkmPosition = lkmPosition;
    }

    public String getLkmMemo() {
        return lkmMemo;
    }

    public void setLkmMemo(String lkmMemo) {
        this.lkmMemo = lkmMemo;
    }
}

Dao接口

package pers.zhang.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import pers.zhang.entity.Customer;

/**
 * @author zhang
 * @date 2019/12/17 - 20:22
 */
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {
}

package pers.zhang.dao;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import pers.zhang.entity.LinkMan;

/**
 * @author zhang
 * @date 2019/12/17 - 20:36
 */
public interface LinkManDao extends JpaRepository<LinkMan, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<LinkMan> {
}

测试类

package pers.zhang;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import pers.zhang.dao.CustomerDao;
import pers.zhang.dao.LinkManDao;
import pers.zhang.entity.Customer;
import pers.zhang.entity.LinkMan;

/**
 * @author zhang
 * @date 2019/12/17 - 20:23
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class myTest {

    @Autowired
    private CustomerDao customerDao;

    @Autowired
    private LinkManDao linkManDao;


    /*
        保存一个客户，一个联系人
     */
    @Test
    @Transactional
    @Rollback(false)
    public void testAdd(){
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setCustName("百度百度");

        LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();
        linkMan.setLkmName("小李");

        //客户对外键进行维护
        customer.getLinkMans().add(linkMan);

        linkManDao.save(linkMan);
        customerDao.save(customer);

        /*
            Hibernate: insert into cst_linkman (lkm_cust_id, lkm_email, lkm_gender, lkm_memo, lkm_mobile, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_position) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
            Hibernate: insert into cst_customer (cust_address, cust_industry, cust_level, cust_name, cust_phone, cust_source) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
            Hibernate: update cst_linkman set lkm_cust_id=? where lkm_id=?
         */


    }



    @Test
    @Transactional
    @Rollback(false)
    public void testAdd2(){
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setCustName("育碧");

        LinkMan linkMan = new LinkMan();
        linkMan.setLkmName("歌玲");

        //联系人维护关系
        linkMan.setCustomer(customer);

        linkManDao.save(linkMan);
        customerDao.save(customer);

        /*
            Hibernate: insert into cst_linkman (lkm_cust_id, lkm_email, lkm_gender, lkm_memo, lkm_mobile, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_position) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
            Hibernate: insert into cst_customer (cust_address, cust_industry, cust_level, cust_name, cust_phone, cust_source) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
            Hibernate: update cst_linkman set lkm_cust_id=?, lkm_email=?, lkm_gender=?, lkm_memo=?, lkm_mobile=?, lkm_name=?, lkm_phone=?, lkm_position=? where lkm_id=?

         */
    }


    /*
        级联：操作一个对象的同时操作它的关联对象

        级联操作：
            1. 需要区分操作主体
            2. 需要在操作主体的实体类上，添加级联属性（需要添加到多表映射关系的注解上）
            3. cascade（配置级联）

        级联添加：
            示例：保存一个客户的同时保存联系人
        级联删除：
            示例：删除一个客户的同时删除对应的所有联系人

     */


    /*
        级联添加：保存一个客户的同时保存联系人
     */
    @Test
    @Transactional
    @Rollback(false)
    public void testCascadeAdd(){
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setCustName("任天堂");

        LinkMan linkMan1 = new LinkMan();
        linkMan1.setLkmName("AAA");
        LinkMan linkMan2 = new LinkMan();
        linkMan2.setLkmName("BBB");

        //联系人维护关系
        linkMan1.setCustomer(customer);
        linkMan2.setCustomer(customer);
        customer.getLinkMans().add(linkMan1);
        customer.getLinkMans().add(linkMan2);

        customerDao.save(customer);

        /*
            Hibernate: insert into cst_customer (cust_address, cust_industry, cust_level, cust_name, cust_phone, cust_source) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
            Hibernate: insert into cst_linkman (lkm_cust_id, lkm_email, lkm_gender, lkm_memo, lkm_mobile, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_position) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
            Hibernate: insert into cst_linkman (lkm_cust_id, lkm_email, lkm_gender, lkm_memo, lkm_mobile, lkm_name, lkm_phone, lkm_position) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
         */

    }

    /*
        删除主表数据：
            1. 有从表数据：
                1.1：在默认情况下，它会把外键字段置为null，然后删除主表数据。如果在数据库的表结构上，外键字段有非空约束，默认情况就会报错。
                1.2：如果配置了放弃维护关联关系，则不能删除（与外键字段是否允许为null没有关系），因为在删除时，它根本不会去更新从表的外键字段。
                1.3：如果还想删除，使用级联删除引用
            2. 没有从表数据： 随便删~~~

     */

    /*
        级联删除:删除客户的同时，删除对应的所有联系人
     */
    @Test
    @Transactional
    @Rollback(false)
    public void testCascadeDelete(){
        Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(14L);
        customerDao.delete(customer);

        /*
            Hibernate: select customer0_.cust_id as cust_id1_0_0_, customer0_.cust_address as cust_add2_0_0_, customer0_.cust_industry as cust_ind3_0_0_, customer0_.cust_level as cust_lev4_0_0_, customer0_.cust_name as cust_nam5_0_0_, customer0_.cust_phone as cust_pho6_0_0_, customer0_.cust_source as cust_sou7_0_0_ from cst_customer customer0_ where customer0_.cust_id=?
            Hibernate: select linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_0_, linkmans0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_, linkmans0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai2_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend3_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo4_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi5_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_name as lkm_name6_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon7_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi8_1_1_ from cst_linkman linkmans0_ where linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id=?
            Hibernate: delete from cst_linkman where lkm_id=?
            Hibernate: delete from cst_linkman where lkm_id=?
            Hibernate: delete from cst_customer where cust_id=?
         */
    }

}