zuul路由网关--概述、基本配置、路由规则

zuul路由网关

Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能：

其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础而过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预，是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础.Zuul和Eureka进行整合，将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。

注意：Zuul服务最终还是会注册进Eureka
提供=代理+路由+过滤三大功能

官方资料：https://github.com/Netflix/zuul/wiki/Getting-Started

基本配置

新建Module模块microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527：
引入依赖：

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>pers.zhang</groupId>
            <artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

application.yml

server:
  port: 9527

spring:
  application:
    name: microservicecloud-auul-gateway

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka
  instance:
    instance-id: gateway-9527.com
    prefer-ip-address: true


info:
  app.name: zhang-microcloud
  company.name: pers.zhang
  build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
  build.version: $project.version$

hosts修改:

127.0.0.1  myzuul.com

主启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527_StartSpringCloudApp.class, args);
    }
}

测试：

• 启动三个eureka集群
• 启动一个服务提供类microservicecloud-provider-dept-8001
• 启动路由

不用路由：
http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2

使用路由：
http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

路由访问映射规则

代理名称：

修改工程microservicecloud-zuul-gateway-9527配置：

zuul:
  routes: 
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

路由访问OK：http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

原路径访问OK：http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

原真实服务名忽略:

zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
  ignored-services: microservicecloud-dept # 忽略真实服务名

路由访问OK：http://myzuul.com:9527/mydept/dept/get/1

原路径访问不可用：http://myzuul.com:9527/microservicecloud-dept/dept/get/2

单个具体，多个可以用"*":

zuul: 
	ignored-services: "*"
	routes: 
		mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
		mydept.path: /mydept/**

设置统一公共前缀:

zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: microservicecloud-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
  ignored-services: "*" # 忽略真实服务名
  prefix: /test

访问：http://myzuul.com:9527/test/mydept/dept/get/1