Phaser
Phaser中文翻译为相位器。它与CountDownLatch非常相似,允许我们协调线程的执行。与CountDownLatch相比,它具有一些额外的功能。
Phaser是在线程动态数需要继续执行之前等待的屏障。在CountDownLatch中,该数字无法动态配置,需要在创建实例时提供。
arriveAndAwaitAdvanve()方法:
方arriveAndAwaitAdvanceo
的作用与 CountDownLatch类中的awai()方法大体一样,通过从方法的名称解释来看, arrive是到达的意思,wait是等待的意思,而 advance是前进、促进的意思,所以执行这个方法的作用就是当前线程已经到达屏障,在此等待一段时间,等条件满足后继续向下一个屏障继续执行。
public class PrintTools {
public static Phaser phaser;
public static void methodA() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A1 begin=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A1 end=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A2 begin=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A2 end=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
}
public static void methodB() {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A1 begin=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A1 end=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A2 begin=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
Thread.sleep(5000);
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A2 end=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser p = new Phaser(3);
PrintTools.phaser = p;
ThreadA a = new ThreadA(phaser);
a.setName("A");
a.start();
ThreadB b = new ThreadB(phaser);
b.setName("B");
b.start();
ThreadC c = new ThreadC(phaser);
c.setName("C");
c.start();
}
}
public class ThreadA extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public ThreadA(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
PrintTools.methodA();
}
}
public class ThreadB extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public ThreadB(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
PrintTools.methodA();
}
}
public class ThreadC extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public ThreadC(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
PrintTools.methodB();
}
}
注意:当arriveAndAwaitAdvance()调用时,如果计数不足,则线层呈阻塞状态,不继续向下运行
修改methodB()方法
再次运行,输出如下:
arriveAndDeregister()方法:
当线程到达屏障后,退出屏障的阻塞,并且使parties值减一。
public class Deregister {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(2);
MyThread t = new MyThread(phaser);
t.start();
System.out.println("main begin" + System.currentTimeMillis());
System.out.println(phaser.getRegisteredParties());
phaser.arriveAndDeregister();//退出阻塞,计数-1
System.out.println(phaser.getRegisteredParties());
System.out.println("main end" + System.currentTimeMillis());
}
}
class MyThread extends Thread{
private Phaser phaser;
public MyThread(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println("MyThread end");
}
}
getPhase()和onAdvance():
方法getPhase()获取的是已经到达第几个屏障。
public class getPhase {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(1);
TestThread t = new TestThread(phaser);
t.start();
}
}
class TestThread extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public TestThread(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("A begin");
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println("A end phase value=" + phaser.getPhase());
System.out.println("A begin");
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println("A end phase value=" + phaser.getPhase());
System.out.println("A begin");
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println("A end phase value=" + phaser.getPhase());
}
}
onAdvance()的作用是通过新的屏障时被调用:
public class onAdvance {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(2) {
@Override
protected boolean onAdvance(int phase, int registeredParties) {
System.out.println("onAdvence被调用!");
return true;
//返回true表示,下一次到达屏障不等待了,Phaser呈无效/销毁的状态
//返回false表示,下一次到达屏障Phaser继续工作
}
};
//第一次通过屏障
AThread a = new AThread(phaser);
a.start();
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
//第二次
Thread.sleep(2000);
BThread b = new BThread(phaser);
b.start();
System.out.println("main end");
}
}
class AThread extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public AThread(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("A begin");
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println("A end");
}
}
class BThread extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public BThread(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("B begin");
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println("B end");
}
}
onAdvance返回true,下一次到达屏障不阻塞
修改返回值为false,下一次到达屏障正常阻塞
getRegisteredParities():
获得注册的parties数量。
register():
每执行一次方法,就动态添加一个parties值。
bulkRegister():
批量增加parties数量。
getArrivedParties():
获得已经被使用的parties个数。
getUnarrivedParties():
获得未被使用的parties个数。
public class Parties {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(5);
System.out.println(phaser.getRegisteredParties());//5
phaser.register();
System.out.println(phaser.getRegisteredParties());//6
phaser.bulkRegister(10);
System.out.println(phaser.getRegisteredParties());//16
System.out.println(phaser.getArrivedParties());//0
System.out.println(phaser.getUnarrivedParties());//16
}
}
arrive()方法:
方法arrive()的作用是使parties 值加1,并且不在屏障处等待,直接向下面的代码继续运行,并且Phaser类有计数重置功能。
public class TestArrive {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(2){
@Override
protected boolean onAdvance(int phase, int registeredParties) {
System.out.println("到达屏障,但未通过!phase=" + phase + " registeredParties=" + registeredParties);
return super.onAdvance(phase, registeredParties);
}
};
System.out.println("A1 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
phaser.arrive();
System.out.println("A1 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
System.out.println("A2 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
phaser.arrive();
System.out.println("A2 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
System.out.println("B1 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
phaser.arrive();
System.out.println("B1 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
System.out.println("B2 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
phaser.arrive();
System.out.println("B2 getPhase=" + phaser.getPhase() + " getRegisteredParties=" + phaser.getRegisteredParties() +
" getArrivedParties=" + phaser.getArrivedParties());
}
}
方法arrive()的功能是使getArrivedParties()计数加1,不等待其他线程到达屏障。
在控制台中多次出现getArrivedParties=0的运行结果,所以可以分析出Phaser类在经过屏障点后计数能被重置。
awaitAdvance(int phase):
如果传人参数phase值和当前getPhase()方法返回值一样,则在屏障处等待,否则继续向下面运行,有些类似于旁观者的作用,当观察的条件满足了就等待(旁观),如果条件不满足,则程序向下继续运行。
public class AwaitAdvance {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(1);
phaser.awaitAdvance(1);//不一样,通过
System.out.println("通过第一次");
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
phaser.awaitAdvance(1);//一样,阻塞
System.out.println("通过第二次");
}
}
awaitAdvanceInterruptibly(int):
可中断的。
awaitAdvanceInterruptibly(int ,long, TImeUnit):
带超时,且可中断。
forceTermination()和isTerminated():
方法forceTermination()
使Phaser对象的屏障功能失效,而方法isTerminated()
是判断Phaser对象是否已经呈销毁状态。
public class Termination {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(2);
phaser.forceTermination();
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();//失效,所以不阻塞
System.out.println(phaser.isTerminated());//true
}
}
控制Phaser类的运行时机
前面的示例都是线程一起到达屏障后继续运行,有些情况下是需要进行控制的,也就是到达屏障后不允许继续运行。
默认的运行效果:
public class RunDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(3);
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
RunThread t = new RunThread(phaser);
t.start();
}
}
}
class RunThread extends Thread {
private Phaser phaser;
public RunThread(Phaser phaser) {
this.phaser = phaser;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A1 begin=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " A1 end=" + System.currentTimeMillis());
}
}
可控的运行时机:
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Phaser phaser = new Phaser(3);
phaser.register();
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
RunThread t = new RunThread(phaser);
t.start();
}
Thread.sleep(2000);
phaser.arriveAndAwaitAdvance();
}
此实验说明运行的时机是可以通过逻辑控制的,主要的原理就是计数+1,然后通过逻辑代码的方式来决定线程是否继续向下运行。