linux终端访问

终端结构体:

 

#define NCCS 19

 

Struct termios

{

tcflag_t c_iflag;          /* input modes */

tcflag_t c_oflag;          /* output modes */

tcflag_t c_cflag;          /* control modes */

tcflag_t c_lflag;          /* local modes */

 cc_t   c_line              /*control line*/

cc_t   c_cc[NCCS];     /* control chars */

}

 

每个终端对应这样的一个结构,结构中的标志集合控制着终端接口的各种特性. 在POSIX中定义了访问Struct termios 的方法:

 

#include <termios.h>

int tcgetattr(int fd, structtermios *tptr);

int tcsetattr(int fd, int action, struct termios);

 

action可能的含义是:

       TCSANOW: 立即填入终端结构

       TCSADRAIN: 如果当前缓冲区有数据,将在这些数据送入终端后才填充结构

       TCSAFLUSH: 放弃当前缓冲区中的数据

 

示例:

/*AskTerminal.c*/

#include <termios.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <sys/signal.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

 

struct termios old_save;

int standard_fd = 0;

 

void error_quit(char * error_str);

 

/*print message*/

void error_quit(char * error_str)

{

    fprintf(stderr,"%s/n",error_str);

    exit(1);

}

 

/*change terminal attributes*/

void change_mode(void)

{

    struct termios new_term;

   

    //if is a terminal

    if (!isatty(standard_fd)) //检验与standard_fd相连的是不是一个打开的终端

        error_quit("standard input is not a terminal./n");

    if (tcgetattr(standard_fd,&new_term) == -1)

        error_quit("get the attribute of the terminal./n");

 

    old_save= new_term;

 

    new_term.c_lflag &= ~ISIG;

 

    if (tcsetattr(standard_fd,TCSANOW,&new_term) == -1)

        error_quit("set new terminal attributes./n");

}

 

/*restore terminal attributes*/

void restore_mode(void)

{

    if (tcsetattr(standard_fd,TCSANOW,&old_save) == -1)

        error_quit("restore ternimal attrivutes./n");

}

 

/*action handle function*/

void handle_ctrl_c(int signo)

{

    printf("The process receive SIGINT, signal number = %d/n",signo);

    printf("Now The process will change its ternimal attributes./n");

    change_mode();

}

 

/*action handle function*/

void handle_term_signal(int signo)

{

    printf("The process receive SIGTERM, signal number = %d/n",signo);

    printf("Now The process will restore attributes./n");

    restore_mode();

    exit(0);

}

 

/*main method*/

int main(int argc,char ** argv)

{

    signal(SIGINT,handle_ctrl_c);

    signal(SIGTERM,handle_term_signal);

    printf("Please press the buttons CTRL + C/n");

    for (;;);

}

 

运行程序后,按CTRL+C,显示:

The process receive SIGTERM, signal number =2

Now The process will restore attributes.

 

再按CTRL+C 则没反应, 从另一个terminal窗口中用 ps -ef|grep AskTerminal, 查得AskTerminal进程标识符,设为 333, 用 kill -15 333 发出 SIGTERM 信号, 则进程退出.