#!/usr/bin/python3
-- coding: utf-8 --
“”"
通过datetime和dateutil进行常用日期的获取
如:
今年,去年,明年
当前季度
本月,上月,去年同期,今年一月
今天,昨天,明天,
本周、本月、本季度、本年第一天,
本周、本月、本季度、本年最后一天
“”"
import datetime
获取常用特定日期(如去年/季度/当月/本周/首日/)
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关于年(今年,去年,明年)
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今年
today = datetime.date.today() # 都是基于today, 此时为’2019-02-22’,下同
today.year # out: 2019
去年
today = datetime.date.today()
today.year-1 # out : 2018
明年
today = datetime.date.today()
today.year+1 # out : 2020
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关于季度(当前季度)
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today = datetime.date.today()
quarter = (today.month-1) // 3 + 1
‘{}Q{}’.format(today.year, quarter) # out: ‘2019Q1’
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关于月(本月,上月,当年1月,去年同月)
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本月(月份)
today = datetime.date.today()
today.month # out: 2
本月(年月)
today = datetime.date.today()
datetime.datetime.strftime(today, “%Y-%m”) # out: ‘2019-02’
上月
today = datetime.date.today()
last_month = today + datetime.timedelta(days=-today.day)
last_month.month # 月份,out: 1
datetime.datetime.strftime(last_month,"%Y-%m") # out: ‘2019-01’
上N个月
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta # 需要引入新的包
today = datetime.date.today()
last_2_month = today + relativedelta(months=-2) # 上两个月,上N个月参数为(months=-N)
datetime.datetime.strftime(last_2_month, “%Y-%m”) # out: ‘2018-12’
当年1月
today = datetime.date.today()
str(today.year) +’-01’ # out: ‘2019-01’
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关于天
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今天(天数)
today = datetime.date.today()
today.day
今天(日期)
today.isoformat() # out: ‘2019-02-22’
昨天
today = datetime.date.today()
yesterday = today + datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
yesterday.isoformat() # out: ‘2019-02-21’
明天
today = datetime.date.today()
yesterday = today + datetime.timedelta(days=1)
yesterday.isoformat() # out: ‘2019-02-23’
本周第一天
today = datetime.date.today()
week_start_day = today - datetime.timedelta(days=today.weekday())
week_start_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-02-18’,周一
本周最后一天
today = datetime.date.today()
week_end_day = today + datetime.timedelta(days=6-today.weekday())
week_end_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-02-24’,周天
本月第一天
today = datetime.date.today()
month_start_day = today - datetime.timedelta(days=today.day-1)
month_start_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-02-01’,当月第一天
本月最后一天
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta # 引入新的包
today = datetime.date.today()
必须先置为首日,直接用relativedelta(months=1,days=-today.day+1)会有错误结果
month_end_day = (today + datetime.timedelta(days=-today.day+1)) + relativedelta(months=1,days=-1)
month_end_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-02-28’,当月最后一天
本季度第一天
today = datetime.date.today()
quarter_start_day = datetime.date(today.year,today.month - (today.month - 1) % 3, 1)
quarter_start_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-01-01’ ,本季度第一天
本季度最后一天
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta # 引入新的包
today = datetime.date.today()
quarter_end_day = datetime.date(today.year,today.month - (today.month - 1) % 3 +2, 1) + relativedelta(months=1,days=-1)
quarter_end_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-03-31’ ,本季度最后一天
本年第一天
today = datetime.date.today()
year_start_day = datetime.date(today.year, 1, 1)
year_start_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-01-01’ ,本年第一天
本年最后一天
today = datetime.date.today()
year_end_day = datetime.date(today.year+1, 1, 1) - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
year_end_day.isoformat() # ‘2019-12-31’ ,本年最后一天