STL的心得（3）－－－运用（控制台）

很多网上介绍的都是关于STL在控制台的运用，我认为，这总适合与学习理论知识以及其实践，当真正用到项目中去的
恐怕这就不适合了。我也老套一下。分为两种情况。
1）控制台的运用
2）用MFC写一个简单的画图程序（恐怕这个应该是大家更加注意的）

OK，先说控制台：

下面源代码，可以直接运行（VC6 Console）（关于其整个工程文件可以到www.confach.533.net去Download），如果你找不到，可以直接按上面的联系方式与我Mail，我会尽快给你发过去，大家一起学习）

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#endif

#include "stdafx.h"
#pragma warning(disable:4786)
#pragma warning(disable:4514)
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
#include <list>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <iterator>

class PrintInt
{
public:
 void operator()(int elem) const
 {
  std::cout< <
 }
};
//define a class
class StudentID
{
public:
 StudentID(int id=0)
 {
  value=id;
  std::cout<<"Assigning student id:"< <
 }
 ~StudentID()
 {
  std::cout<<"Destructing ID:"< <
 }
private:
 int value;
};
class Student
{
public:
 Student(char *pName="noName",int ssID=0):id(ssID)
 {
  std::cout<<"Constructing student:"< <
  strncpy(name,pName,sizeof(name));
  name[sizeof(name)-1]=0;
  StudentID id(ssID);
 }
private:
 char name[20];
 StudentID id;
};
void TestMMap()
{
 typedef multimap IntStringMap;
 IntStringMap coll;
// coll.insert(std::make_pair(5,"tagged"));
// coll.insert(make_pair(2,"a"));
// coll.insert(make_pair(1,"this"));
// coll.insert(make_pair(4,"of"));
// coll.insert(make_pair(6,"strings"));
// coll.insert(make_pair(1,"is"));
// coll.insert(make_pair(3,"multimap"));
// 
 /* print all element values
 *- iterate over all elements
 *- element member second is the value
 */
 std::cout<<"========================================"<
// IntStringMap::iterator pos;
//  for (pos = coll.begin(); pos != coll.end(); ++pos)
// {
//  std::cout << pos->second <<"   ";
// }
 std::cout << endl;
 
}
void TestSet()
{
 typedef std::set >IntSet;
  IntSet set1;
 set1.insert(1);
 set1.insert(3);
 set1.insert(5);
 set1.insert(1);
 set1.insert(4);
 set1.insert(6);
 
 std::cout<<"========================================"<
 IntSet::const_iterator pos;
 for(pos=set1.begin();pos!=set1.end();++pos)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos<<"  "<< "  set"<
 }
}
void TestAlgorithm()
{
 vector mVector;
 vector ::iterator pos;

 mVector.push_back(1);
 mVector.push_back(2);
 mVector.push_back(5);
 mVector.push_back(76);
 mVector.push_back(4);

  std::cout<<"====================================="<
 for(pos=mVector.begin();pos!=mVector.end();++pos)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos<
 }

 pos=min_element(mVector.begin(),mVector.end());
 std::cout<<"min:"<<*pos<
 pos=max_element(mVector.begin(),mVector.end());
 std::cout<<"Max:"<<*pos<
 std::cout<<"===================================="<
 std::cout<<"        Sort                        "<
 std::cout<<"===================================="<
 std::sort(mVector.begin(),mVector.end());
 for(pos=mVector.begin();pos!=mVector.end();++pos)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos<
 }
 std::cout<<"===================================="<
 std::cout<<"         Reverse                       "<
 std::cout<<"===================================="<
 std::reverse(mVector.begin(),mVector.end());
 for(pos=mVector.begin();pos!=mVector.end();++pos)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos<
 }
 
}
void TestIteratorAdapter()
{
 list coll1;
 
 //insert elements from 1 to 9 into the first collection
 for (int i=1; i<=9; ++i)
 {
  coll1.push_back(i);
 }
 
 // copy the elements of coll1 into coll2 by appending
 vector coll2;
 copy (coll1.begin(), coll1.end(), //source
        back_inserter(coll2)); //destination
 
 //copy the elements of coll1 into coll3 by inserting them  front
 // - reverses the order of the elements
 //Remarks:if use front_inserter,the container must provide push_front method
 deque coll3;
 copy (coll1.begin(), coll1.end(), //source
       front_inserter(coll3)); //destination
 
 //copy elements of coll1 into coll4
 
 // - only inserter that works for associative collections
 set coll4;
 copy (coll1.begin(), coll1.end(), //source
       inserter(coll4,coll4.begin())); //destination

 std::cout<<"=====================List=========="<
 list ::iterator pos;
 for(pos=coll1.begin();pos!=coll1.end();++pos)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos<
 }
 std::cout<<"=====================Vector(List use back_insert)=========="<
 vector ::iterator pos1;
 for(pos1=coll2.begin();pos1!=coll2.end();++pos1)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos1<
 }

 std::cout<<"=====================Deque(List use front_insert)=========="<
 deque ::iterator pos2;
 for(pos2=coll3.begin();pos2!=coll3.end();++pos2)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos2<
 }
 std::cout<<"=====================Set(List use inserter)=========="<
 set ::iterator pos3;
 for(pos3=coll4.begin();pos3!=coll4.end();++pos3)
 {
  std::cout<<*pos3<
 }

}
void TestStreamIterator()
{
 vector coll;

 /*read all words from the standard input
 * - source: all strings until end-of-file (or error)
 * - destination: coll (inserting)
 */
 copy (istream_iterator (cin), //start of source
  istream_iterator (), //end of source
  back_inserter(coll)); //destination
 
 
 //sort elements
 sort (coll.begin(), coll.end());

 /*print all elements without duplicates
 * - source: coll
 * - destination: standard output (with newline between elements)
 */

 unique_copy (coll.begin(), coll.end(), //source
  ostream_iterator (cout, "/n"));
 //destination
}

template
inline void PRINT_ELEMENTS (const T& coll, const char* optcstr="")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout << optcstr<
for (pos=coll.begin(); pos!=coll.end(); ++pos) {
std::cout << *pos << ' '<
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}

//void main()
//{
//  const int size=100;
//  int array[size];
//  array[0]=0;
//  array[1]=1;
//  array[1000]=1000;
//
//  cout< <<","< <
// 
//}
typedef struct tagIntegerNode {
  int             iValue;
  tagIntegerNode *pNextIntegerNode;
}INTEGERNODE;

class A {
  public:
    // Made public to simplify tracing
    // Would normally be protected:
   static INTEGERNODE *pFirstIntegerNode;
};

// Static data members must be initialized at file scope, even
// if private.
INTEGERNODE *A::pFirstIntegerNode;

class B:public A {
  public:
    B( void );
};

class C:public A {
  public:
    C( void );
};

B::B( void )
{
  pFirstIntegerNode                   = new INTEGERNODE;
  pFirstIntegerNode->iValue           = 1;
  pFirstIntegerNode->pNextIntegerNode = NULL;
};

C::C( void )
{
  pFirstIntegerNode->pNextIntegerNode                   = new INTEGERNODE;
  pFirstIntegerNode->pNextIntegerNode->iValue           = 2;
  pFirstIntegerNode->pNextIntegerNode->pNextIntegerNode = NULL;
};

//----------------------------------------------------
//-----------------------------------------------------
typedef list ListElement;
typedef list OwningList;
void OutputList(const ListElement& EntireListElement,int listNumber)
{
 ostream_iterator out(cout," ");
 cout<<"List "< <<":";
<<":";
 copy(EntireListElement.begin(),EntireListElement.end(),out);
 cout< < p>

}
void TestOwningList()
{
 OwningList ListOfListElements;
 for(int i=0;i<3;++i)
 {
  ListElement EntireListElement;
  for(int j=0;j<5;++j)
  {
   EntireListElement.push_back (i*4+j);
  }
  OutputList(EntireListElement,i+1);
  ListOfListElements.push_back(EntireListElement);
 }
 cout<
 OwningList::iterator it=ListOfListElements.begin();
 for(int j=1;it!=ListOfListElements.end();++it,++j)
 {
     const ListElement& EntireListElement1=*it;
  OutputList(EntireListElement1,j);
 }
 
}
typedef vector INTVECTOR;

void TestVectorAttr1()
{
 // Dynamically allocated vector begins with 0 elements.
  INTVECTOR theVector;

   // Add one element to the end of the vector, an int with the value 42.
   theVector.push_back(42) ;
  // Show statistics about vector.
    cout << "theVector's size is: " << theVector.size() << endl;
    cout << "theVector's maximum size is: " << theVector.max_size()
         << endl;
    cout << "theVector's capacity is: " << theVector.capacity() << endl;
    // Ensure there's room for at least 1000 elements.
    theVector.reserve(1000);
    cout << endl << "After reserving storage for 1000 elements:" << endl;
    cout << "theVector's size is: " << theVector.size() << endl;
    cout << "theVector's maximum size is: " << theVector.max_size()
         << endl;
    cout << "theVector's capacity is: " << theVector.capacity() << endl;

    // Ensure there's room for at least 2000 elements.
    theVector.resize(2000);
    cout << endl << "After resizing storage to 2000 elements:" << endl;
    cout << "theVector's size is: " << theVector.size() << endl;
    cout << "theVector's maximum size is: " << theVector.max_size()
         << endl;
    cout << "theVector's capacity is: " << theVector.capacity() << endl;

}
void TestVectorCreate()
{
 cout<<"============================================="<
 cout<<"====================Test Vector============="<
 cout<<"============================================="<
 INTVECTOR c1;
 c1.push_back(1);
 c1.push_back(2);
 c1.push_back(3);
 c1.push_back(4);
 INTVECTOR::iterator it;
 cout<<"---Create a empty vector without any element"<
 for(it=c1.begin();it!=c1.end();++it)
 { 
  cout<<*it<<",";
 }
 cout<
 cout<<"--Create a copy vector"<
 INTVECTOR c2(c1);
    for(it=c2.begin();it!=c2.end();++it)
 { 
  cout<<*it<<",";
 }
 cout<
 cout<<"---Create a vector with n elements"<
 INTVECTOR c3(8);
 c3.assign(8,1);
 c3.push_back(10);
 c3.push_back(12);
 c3.push_back(14);
 c3.push_back(16);
 c3.push_back(18);

   for(it=c3.begin();it!=c3.end();++it)
 { 
  cout<<*it<
 }
   cout<<"---Create a vector with n copies of elements"<
   INTVECTOR c4(5,10);
for(it=c4.begin();it!=c4.end();++it)
 { 
  cout<<*it<
 }

int nArr[]={1,2,3,4,5};
INTVECTOR c5(nArr,nArr+sizeof(nArr)/sizeof(int));
cout<<"---Create a vector with a array"<
for(it=c5.begin();it!=c5.end();++it)
 { 
  cout<<*it<
 }
cout<<"--Test End----------"< <
}

void TestVectorIterator()
{
 vector ages(15) ;
 ages.push_back(15);
 vector ::const_iterator p=ages.begin();
 for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
 {
  ages.push_back(i);
 }
 cout<<"===========Test Iterator=============="<
 //p=ages.begin();
 cout<<"The first age is:"<<*p<
 cout<<"===============End===================="<
 
}
class Shape
{
public:
 virtual void Draw()
 {
  cout<<"Draw it in Shape class"<
 }
 virtual void GetSize()=0;
 
};
class Rectangle:public Shape
{
public :
 virtual void Draw()
 {
  cout<<"Draw it in Rectangle class"<
 }
   void GetSize()
   
   {
   cout<<"Get size in Rectangle class"<
  }
  
};
void TestPointer()
{
 int i=100;
 char c='a';
 float f=i;
 double d=f;
 bool b=true;
 
 int *pI=&i;
 int **ppI=&pI;
 cout<<"Address of i         :0x"<<&i<
 printf("Address of c         :0x%p/n",&c);
 cout<<"Address of f          :0x"<<&f<
 cout<<"Address of d          :0x"<<&d<
    cout<<"Address of b          :0x"<<&b< < p>

 cout<<"Address of pI          :0x"<<&pI<
 cout<<"Value of pI          :0x"< <
 cout<<"Address of ppI          :0x"<<&ppI<
 cout<<"Value of ppI          :0x"< <
}

void main()
{
 TestPointer();
 return;
 Shape *pShape=NULL;
 Rectangle a;
 pShape=&a;
 pShape->Draw();
 pShape->GetSize();
 return;
 TestVectorCreate();
 TestVectorAttr1();
 TestVectorIterator();
    return;
 TestOwningList();
 B instanceB;
 C instanceC;
 cout< iValue <
 cout< pNextIntegerNode->iValue<
 
 short int iArray[1000];
 for(int i1=0;i1<1000;i1++)
 {
  iArray[i1]=i1;
 }
 Student s("confach zhang",99471136);

 vector col1;
 deque deq1;
 list list1;
  
    std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 std::cout<<"   index      value    Type"<
 std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
 {   if(i%2==0)
  col1.push_back(i);
 }
 
 for( i=0;i
 {
 std::cout< <<"? Vector?<
 }
 std::cout<<"===============Object Function=================="<
     for_each(col1.begin(),col1.end(),PrintInt());
 std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 std::cout<<"   index      value    Type"<
 std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 for(i=0;i<100;i++)
 { 
  if(i%2==0)
  {
  deq1.push_front(i);
  }
  else
  {
   deq1.push_back(i);
  }
 }

 for(i=0;i
 {
  std::cout< <<"?? Deque?<
 }

    std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 std::cout<<"   index      value    Type"<
 std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 for(char c='a';c<='z';c++)
 {
  list1.push_back(c);
 }
   while(!list1.empty())
   {
    std::cout<     list1.pop_front();
   }

    std::cout<<"=================================================="<
 std::cout<<"   index      value    Type"<
 std::cout<<"=================================================="<
    for( c='a';c<='z';c++)
 {
  list1.push_front(c);
 }
 std::cout<<"==============User Define function=========================="<
 PRINT_ELEMENTS(list1,"confach");
    list ::iterator pos;
   //list ::const_iterator//for read_only
   //list ::iterator//for read/write
   for(pos=list1.begin();pos!=list1.end();++pos)
 //Caution:
// Note that the preincrement operator (prefix ++) is used here. This is because it might have better
//performance than the postincrement operator. The latter involves a temporary object because it
//must return the old position of the iterator. For this reason, it generally is best to prefer ++pos
//over pos++. Thus, you should avoid the following version:
//for (pos = coll.begin(); pos != coll.end(); pos++) {
//                                            ^^^^^ // OK, but slower
//...
//}
//For this reason, I recommend using the preincrement and pre-decrement operators in general.
   {
    std::cout< <<"? Iterator?<
   }

   TestSet();
   TestMMap();
   TestAlgorithm();

   std::cout< <<"===============TEST Iterator Adapter='========"< }