C语言学习笔记[第13天]

五、 运算号、表达式和语句

3. 其他运算符

3.1 suzeof 运算和size_t 类型

// sizeof.c -- 使用 sizeof 运算符
// 使用 C99 新增的%zd转换说明 -- 如果编译器不支持%zd，请将其改成%u或%lu
#include <stdio.h>
int main (void)
{
    int n = 0;
    size_t intsize;
    
    intsize = sizeof (int);
    printf("n = %d, n has %zd bytes; all ints have %zd bytes.\n",
          n, sizeof n, intsize);
    
    return 0;
}
//n = 0, n has 4 bytes; all ints have 4 bytes.

3.2 求模运算符：%

// min_sec.c -- 把秒数转换成分和秒
#include <stdio.h>
#define SEC_PER_MIN 60		// 1分钟60秒
int main(void)
{
    int sec, min, left;
    
    printf("Convert seconds to minutes and seconds!\n");
    printf("Enter the number of seconds (<=0 to quit):\n");
    scanf("%d", &sec);		// 读成秒数
    while (sec > 0)
    {
        min = sec / SEC_PER_MIN;	//截断分钟数
        left = sec % SEC_PER_MIN;	//剩下的秒数
        printf("%d seconds is %d minutes, %d seconds.\n", sec,
              min, left);
        printf("Enter next value (<=0 to quit):\n");
        scanf("%d", &sec);
    }
    printf("Done!\n");
    
    return 0;
}
//Convert seconds to minutes and seconds!
//Enter the number of seconds (<=0 to quit):
//154
//154 seconds is 2 minutes, 34 seconds.
//Enter next value (<=0 to quit):
//567
//567 seconds is 9 minutes, 27 seconds.
//Enter next value (<=0 to quit):
//0
//Done!

3.3 递增运算符：++

​ ■ ++在前

​ ■ ++在后

/* add_one.c -- 递增： 前缀和后缀 */
#include <stdio.h>
int main (void)
{
    int ultra = 0, super = 0;
    
    while (super < 5)
    {
        super++;
        ++ultra;
        printf("super = %d, ultra = %d \n", super, ultra);
    }
    
    return 0;
}
//super = 1, ultra = 1 
//super = 2, ultra = 2 
//super = 3, ultra = 3 
//super = 4, ultra = 4 
//super = 5, ultra = 5 

//改写5.2(shoes2.c)一部分代码：
shoe = 3.0;
while (shoe < 18.5)
{
    foot = SCALE * shoe + ADJUST;
    printf("%10.1f %20.2f inches\n", shoe, foot);
    ++shoe;
}
//再改写，运用递增运算符
shoe = 2.0;
while (++shoe < 18.5)
{
    foot = SCALE * shoe + ADJUST;
    printf("%10.1f % 20.2f inches\n", shoe, foot);
}

/* post_pre.c -- 前缀和后缀 */
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int a = 1, b = 1;
    int a_post, pre_b;
    k
    a_post = a++; //后缀递增
    pre_b = ++b; //前缀递增
    printf("a a_post b pre_b \n");
    printf("%1d %5d %5d %5d\n", a, a_post, b, pre_b);
    
    return 0;
}
//a a_post b pre_b 
//2     1     2     2