测试V4L2的摄像头c语言程序

有的时候接到项目,无非就是想快点的测试手里的驱动到底能不能用,尤其是没有调试过的驱动,现写测试程序,如果不着急还行.最好是能找到能用的,最好就是纯c的,这样简单,又方便调试驱动.

我这里遇到的是v4l2的驱动,想要知到好不好用,就要测试,最简单就是先找一个usb的摄像头来尝试,uvc的驱动大部分bsp都是支持的,插上后,发现有/dev/video0节点产生.接着就是测试,找了好多,也试着自己写,最后还是找到一个能用的,以下代码转载:

https://blog.csdn.net/sanmaoljh/article/details/71128512

测试可以使用,我改了一点点,生成的capture.yuv,可以用工具YUVviewerPlus.exe来播放.这样就能看到v4l2是否成功抓到了图像.

这个工具在网上百度就有下载的. 注意使用的时候,一定要加yuv后缀.具体的设置,我的是这样的,之后open file,点击play就可以了

为了大家方便,写此博客.

 

#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/videodev2.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
 
 
 
 
#define FILE_VIDEO  "/dev/video0"
#define JPG         "./image%d.yuv"
 
 
 
typedef struct{
    void *start;
    int length;
}   BUFTYPE;
BUFTYPE *usr_buf;
 
 
static unsigned int n_buffer = 0;
 
//set video capture ways(mmap)
int init_mmap(int fd)
{
    //to request frame cache, contain requested counts
    struct v4l2_requestbuffers reqbufs;
 
    //request V4L2 driver allocation video cache
    //this cache is locate in kernel and need mmap mapping
    memset(&reqbufs, 0, sizeof(reqbufs));
    reqbufs.count = 4;
    reqbufs.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    reqbufs.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
    
    
    if(-1 == ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_REQBUFS,&reqbufs)){
        perror("Fail to ioctl 'VIDIOC_REQBUFS'");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    n_buffer = reqbufs.count;
    printf("n_buffer = %d\n", n_buffer);
    usr_buf = calloc(reqbufs.count, sizeof(BUFTYPE));
    if(usr_buf == NULL){
        printf("Out of memory\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
 
    //map kernel cache to user process 
    for(n_buffer = 0; n_buffer < reqbufs.count; ++n_buffer){
        //stand for a frame
        struct v4l2_buffer buf;
        memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
        buf.index = n_buffer;
         
        //check the information of the kernel cache requested 
        if(-1 == ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_QUERYBUF,&buf))
        {
            perror("Fail to ioctl : VIDIOC_QUERYBUF");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 
        usr_buf[n_buffer].length = buf.length;
        printf("buf.length=%d\n",buf.length);
        printf("buf.m.offset=%d\n\n",buf.m.offset);       
        //printf("fd=%d\n\n",fd); 
        
        usr_buf[n_buffer].start = 
/*  
          (char *)mmap(
                    NULL,
                    buf.length,
                    PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                    MAP_PRIVATE,
                    fd,
                    buf.m.offset
                );
*/
 
          (char *)mmap(
                    NULL,
                    buf.length,
                    PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                    MAP_SHARED,//MAP_PRIVATE,
                    fd,
                    buf.m.offset
                );
        printf("usr_buf[%d].start=0x%x\n",n_buffer,usr_buf[n_buffer].start); 
 
        if(MAP_FAILED == usr_buf[n_buffer].start)
        {
            perror("Fail to mmap");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
 
        printf("usr_buf %d: address=0x%x, length=%d\n", n_buffer, (unsigned int)usr_buf[n_buffer].start, usr_buf[n_buffer].length);
 
    }
    return 0;
}
 
 
 
//initial camera device 
int init_camera_device(int fd)
{
    //decive fuction, such as video input
    struct v4l2_capability cap;
    //video standard,such as PAL,NTSC
    struct v4l2_standard std;
    //frame format
    struct v4l2_format tv_fmt;
    //check control
    struct v4l2_queryctrl query;
    //detail control value
    struct v4l2_fmtdesc fmt;
    int ret;
    //get the format of video supply
    memset(&fmt, 0, sizeof(fmt));
    fmt.index = 0;
    //supply to image capture
    fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    // show all format of supply
    printf("Support format:\n");
 
 
   
    while(ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT, &fmt) == 0)
    {
        fmt.index++;
        printf("pixelformat = ''%c%c%c%c''\ndescription = ''%s''\n",fmt.pixelformat & 0xFF, (fmt.pixelformat >> 8) & 0xFF,(fmt.pixelformat >> 16) & 0xFF,(fmt.pixelformat >> 24) & 0xFF,fmt.description);
    }
 
 
 
    //check video decive driver capability
    ret = ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QUERYCAP, &cap);
    if(ret < 0)
	{
        perror("Fail to ioctl VIDEO_QUERYCAP");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
 
    // Print capability infomations
    printf("Capability Informations:\n");
    printf(" driver: %s\n", cap.driver);
    printf(" card: %s\n", cap.card);
    printf(" bus_info: %s\n", cap.bus_info);
    printf(" version: %08X\n", cap.version);
    printf(" capabilities: %08X\n", cap.capabilities);
 
    printf("----------------------------\n");
 
 
    //judge wherher or not to be a video-get device
    if(!(cap.capabilities & V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE))
    {
        printf("The Current device is not a video capture device\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
 
    //judge whether or not to supply the form of video stream
    if(!(cap.capabilities & V4L2_CAP_STREAMING))
    {
        printf("The Current device does not support streaming i/o\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    
    //set the form of camera capture data
    memset(&tv_fmt, 0, sizeof(tv_fmt));    // very important!must clear 0
    tv_fmt.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    tv_fmt.fmt.pix.width = 640;     //1280;    //680;
    tv_fmt.fmt.pix.height = 480;    //720;    //480;
    tv_fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV; //V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
    tv_fmt.fmt.pix.field = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED;
    if (ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, &tv_fmt)< 0) 
	{
        printf("VIDIOC_S_FMT FAIL!\n");
        exit(-1);
        close(fd);
    }

    if(ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_G_FMT, &tv_fmt) < 0)
    {
        printf("VIDIOC_G_FMT FAIL!\n");
        exit(-1);
        close(fd);
    
    }
 
    // Print Stream Format
    printf("Stream Format Informations:\n");
    printf(" type: %d\n", tv_fmt.type);
    printf(" width: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.width);
    printf(" height: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.height);
    char fmtstr[8];
    memset(fmtstr, 0, 8);
    memcpy(fmtstr, &tv_fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat, 4);
    printf(" pixelformat: %s\n", fmtstr);
    printf(" field: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.field);
    printf(" bytesperline: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.bytesperline);
    printf(" sizeimage: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.sizeimage);
    printf(" colorspace: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.colorspace);
    printf(" priv: %d\n", tv_fmt.fmt.pix.priv);
    printf(" raw_date: %s\n", tv_fmt.fmt.raw_data);
 
    //initial video capture way(mmap)
    init_mmap(fd);
	
    return 0;
}
 
int open_camera_device()
{
    int fd;
    //open video device with block
    fd = open(FILE_VIDEO, O_RDWR,0);
    if(fd < 0)
	{
        perror(FILE_VIDEO);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return fd;
}
 
int start_capture(int fd)
{
    unsigned int i;
    enum v4l2_buf_type type;
 
    //place the kernel cache to a queue
    for(i = 0; i < n_buffer; i++)
	{
        struct v4l2_buffer buf;
        memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
 
        buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
        buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
        buf.index = i;
 
        if(-1 == ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf))
		{
            perror("Fail to ioctl 'VIDIOC_QBUF'");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
 
    //start capture data
    type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    if(-1 == ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &type))
	{
        printf("i=%d.\n", i);
        perror("VIDIOC_STREAMON");
        close(fd);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return 0;
}
 
 
 
 
 
 
#if 0
int process_image(void *addr, int length)
{
    FILE *fp;
    static int num = 0;
    char image_name[20];
 
    sprintf(image_name, JPG, num++);
    if((fp = fopen(image_name, "w")) == NULL){
        perror("Fail to fopen");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    fwrite(addr, length, 1, fp);
    usleep(500);
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}
 
 
 
 
#else
 
int process_image(void *addr, int length)
{
    FILE *fp;
    FILE *fptest;
    int tmp=0;
    static int num = 0;
    char image_name[20]="capture.yuv";
 
 
    //sprintf(image_name, JPG, num++);
    //printf("image_name=%s\n",image_name);
 
    if((fp = fopen(image_name, "a+")) == NULL){
        perror("Fail to fopen");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
 
//
#if 0
//debug    
    if((fptest = fopen("test.img", "w")) == NULL){
        perror("Fail to fopen");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    if(length != fwrite(addr, 1,length, fptest))
    {
        printf("debugfwrite a frame image fail!\n");
    }
    usleep(500);
    fclose(fptest);
#endif
//
 
 
    tmp = fwrite(addr, 1,length, fp);
    printf("tmp=0x%x\n",tmp);
    if(length != tmp)
    {
        printf("fwrite a frame image fail!\n");
    }
 
    usleep(500);
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}
#endif
 
int read_frame(int fd)
{
    struct v4l2_buffer buf;
    unsigned int i;
    memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
 
    buf.type   = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
    
 
    //put cache from queue
    if(-1 == ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_DQBUF,&buf)){
        perror("Fail to ioctl 'VIDIOC_DQBUF'");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    assert(buf.index < n_buffer);
    printf("buf.index=%d,n_buffer=%d\n",buf.index,n_buffer);
    printf(" usr_buf[%d].start=0x%x,usr_buf[%d].length=0x%x\n", buf.index,usr_buf[buf.index].start,buf.index,usr_buf[buf.index].length);
 
 
 
    //read process space's data to a file
    process_image(usr_buf[buf.index].start, usr_buf[buf.index].length);
 
    if(-1 == ioctl(fd, VIDIOC_QBUF,&buf))
    {
        perror("Fail to ioctl 'VIDIOC_QBUF'");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    return 1;
}
 
int mainloop(int fd)
{ 
    int count = 60;
 
    while(count-- > 0)
	{
        for(;;)
        {
            fd_set fds;
            struct timeval tv;
            int r;
 
            FD_ZERO(&fds);
            FD_SET(fd,&fds);
 
            /*Timeout*/
            tv.tv_sec = 2;
            tv.tv_usec = 0;
            r = select(fd + 1,&fds,NULL,NULL,&tv);
 
            if(-1 == r)
            {
                if(EINTR == errno)
                    continue;
                perror("Fail to select");
                exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
            }
 
            if(0 == r)
            {
                fprintf(stderr,"select Timeout\n");
                exit(-1);
            }
 
            if(read_frame(fd))
                break;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}
 
void stop_capture(int fd)
{
    enum v4l2_buf_type type;
    type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    if(-1 == ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_STREAMOFF,&type))
    {
        perror("Fail to ioctl 'VIDIOC_STREAMOFF'");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return;
}
 
void close_camera_device(int fd)
{
    unsigned int i;
    for(i = 0;i < n_buffer; i++)
    {
        if(-1 == munmap(usr_buf[i].start,usr_buf[i].length))
		{
            exit(-1);
        }
    }
    free(usr_buf);
 
    if(-1 == close(fd))
    {
        perror("Fail to close fd");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    return;
}
 
 int fd;
 
int main()
{
    fd = open_camera_device();
 
    init_camera_device(fd);
 
    start_capture(fd);
 
    mainloop(fd);
 
    stop_capture(fd);
 
    close_camera_device(fd);
 
    return 0;
}