流式套接字基本操作步骤
C端(主动端)
- 获取socket
- 给socket取得地址(可省)
- 发送连接
- 收发消息
- 关闭
S端(被动端)
- 获取socket
- 给socket取得地址
- 将socket设置为监听模式
- 接受连接
- 收发消息
- 关闭
代码实现客户端打印服务端返回的时戳
C端
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include "proto.h"
#define BUFSIZE 1024
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sd, len;
struct sockaddr_in raddr;
long long stamp;
FILE *fp;
if(argc < 2)
{
fprintf(stderr, "two few argument!\n");
exit(1);
}
if((sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
{
perror("socket()");
exit(1);
}
inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &raddr.sin_addr);
raddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(SERVERPORT));
raddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
if(connect(sd, (void *)&raddr, sizeof(raddr)) < 0)
{
perror("connect()");
close(sd);
exit(1);
}
if((fp = fdopen(sd, "r+")) == NULL)
{
perror("fdopen()");
close(sd);
}
if(fscanf(fp, FMT_STAMP, &stamp) < 1)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Bad format!\n");
}
else
{
fprintf(stdout, "stamp = %lld\n", stamp);
}
fclose(fp);
exit(0);
}
S端
【注】可使用fp = fdopen(socketfd, opt) 将socket文件描述符转化为文件指针,从而使用对stream进行操作的函数来操作socket(例如fprintf,fscanf等)。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include "proto.h"
#define MAX_NODE_SIZE 128
#define IPSTRSIZE 40
#define BUFSIZE 1024
static void server_job(int sd)
{
int len;
char buf[BUFSIZE];
len = sprintf(buf, FMT_STAMP, (long long)time(NULL));
if(send(sd, buf, len, 0) < 0)
{
perror("send()");
exit(1);
}
}
int main()
{
int sd, newsd;
char rip_addr[IPSTRSIZE];
socklen_t raddr_len;
struct sockaddr_in laddr, raddr;
if((sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
{
perror("socket()");
exit(1);
}
laddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
laddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(SERVERPORT));
inet_pton(AF_INET, "0.0.0.0", &laddr.sin_addr);
int val = 1;
if(setsockopt(sd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &val, sizeof(val)) < 0)
{
perror("setsockopt()");
exit(1);
}
if(bind(sd, (void *)&laddr, sizeof(laddr)) < 0)
{
perror("bind()");
close(sd);
exit(1);
}
if(listen(sd, MAX_NODE_SIZE) < 0)
{
perror("listen()");
close(sd);
exit(1);
}
raddr_len = sizeof(raddr);
while(1)
{
newsd = accept(sd, (void *)&raddr, &raddr_len);
if(newsd < 0)
{
perror("accept()");
close(sd);
exit(1);
}
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &raddr.sin_addr, rip_addr, IPSTRSIZE);
printf("Client:%s:%d\n", rip_addr, ntohs(raddr.sin_port));
server_job(newsd);
close(newsd);
}
close(sd);
exit(0);
}
Server端改进
假设有很多Client的请求同时到来,而server的server_job又耗时太多的话,就会导致Client等待响应的时间过长。基于并发的思想,服务端同样可以使用多进程/线程来解决上述问题。
这里给出多进程的版本。
while(1)
{
newsd = accept(sd, (void *)&raddr, &raddr_len);
if(newsd < 0)
{
perror("accept()");
close(sd);
exit(1);
}
if((pid = fork()) < 0)
{
perror("fork()");
close(sd);
exit(1);
}
else if(pid == 0)
{
close(sd);
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &raddr.sin_addr, rip_addr, IPSTRSIZE);
printf("Client:%s:%d\n", rip_addr, ntohs(raddr.sin_port));
server_job(newsd);
close(newsd);
exit(0);
}
close(newsd);
}