工厂模式（Factory Pattern））

工厂模式

工厂模式：将创建对象实例的工作交给工厂来完成！
三种实现方式 ：简单工厂模式、工厂方法模式、抽象工厂模式

1.简单工厂模式

	创建所需的实体类

public abstract class Pizza {
    protected String name;//披萨名字
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    //准备原材料，不同种类披萨原材料不同，因此写成抽象的
    public abstract void prepare();
    public void bake() {
        System.out.println(name+" baking;");
    }
    public void cut() {
        System.out.println(name+" cutting");
    }
    public void box() {
        System.out.println(name+" boxing");
    }
}

public class GreekPizza extends Pizza {
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        System.out.println("准备希腊披萨的原材料！");
    }
}

public class CheesePizza extends Pizza{
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        System.out.println("准备奶酪披萨的原材料！");
    }
}

	创建工厂类

//简单的披萨工厂
public class SimplePizzaFactory {
    //静态方法 创建对应类型的披萨
    public static Pizza createPizza(String pizzaType) {
        Pizza pizza = null;
        if (pizzaType.equals("greek")) {
            pizza = new GreekPizza();
            pizza.setName("GreekPizza");
        } else if (pizzaType.equals("cheese")) {
            pizza = new CheesePizza();
            pizza.setName("Cheese");
        } else {
            System.out.println("披萨种类不存在！");
        }
        return pizza;
    }
}

public class PizzaStore {
    //订购一个披萨
    public void orderPizza(String pizzaType) {
        Pizza pizza = null;
        //通过简单披萨工厂创建实例对象
        pizza = SimplePizzaFactory.createPizza(pizzaType);
        if (pizza != null) {
            pizza.prepare();
            pizza.bake();
            pizza.cut();
            pizza.box();
        }
    }
}

上述创建简单工厂的模式为静态工厂，还可以以下面的方式创建工厂

//简单的披萨工厂
public class SimplePizzaFactory2 {
    //创建对应类型的披萨
    public  Pizza createPizza(String pizzaType) {
        Pizza pizza = null;
        if (pizzaType.equals("greek")) {
            pizza = new GreekPizza();
            pizza.setName("GreekPizza");
        } else if (pizzaType.equals("cheese")) {
            pizza = new CheesePizza();
            pizza.setName("Cheese");
        }else {
            System.out.println("披萨种类不存在！");
        }
        return pizza;
    }
}

public class PizzaStore2 {
	//将工厂作为成员
    SimplePizzaFactory2 factory;
    public PizzaStore2(SimplePizzaFactory2 factory) {
        this.factory = factory;
    }
    public void orderPizza(String pizzaType) {
        Pizza pizza = null;
        pizza = factory.createPizza(pizzaType);
        if (pizza != null) {
            pizza.prepare();
            pizza.bake();
            pizza.cut();
            pizza.box();
        }
    }
}

2.工厂方法模式

将创建对象实例的代码放在子类中

		创建所需实体类

public class BJCheesePizza extends Pizza{
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        setName("北京奶酪披萨！");
        System.out.println("准备北京奶酪披萨的原材料！");
    }
}

public class BJChinesePizza extends Pizza {
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        setName("北京中国披萨！");
        System.out.println("准备北京中国披萨的原料！");
    }
}

public class NYCheesePizza extends Pizza{
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        setName("纽约奶酪披萨");
        System.out.println("准备纽约奶酪披萨的原材料！");
    }
}

public class NYChinesePizza extends Pizza {
    @Override
    public void prepare() {
        setName("纽约中国披萨！");
        System.out.println("准备纽约中国披萨的原料！");
    }
}

		创建抽象的披萨店

public abstract class PizzaStore {
	//抽象的createPizza方法
    abstract Pizza createPizza(String type);

    public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
        Pizza pizza = null;
		//通过createPizza方法创建披萨实例
        pizza = createPizza(type);
        if (pizza != null) {
            pizza.prepare();
            pizza.bake();
            pizza.cut();
            pizza.box();
        }
        return pizza;
    }
}

	纽约的披萨店

public class NYPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
    @Override
    Pizza createPizza(String type) {
        if (type.equals("cheese")) {
            return new NYCheesePizza();
        } else if (type.equals("chinese")) {
            return new NYChinesePizza();
        } else {
            System.out.println("此种类披萨不存在！");
            return null;
        }
    }
}

	北京的披萨店

public class BJPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
    @Override
    Pizza createPizza(String type) {
        if (type.equals("cheese")) {
            return new BJCheesePizza();
        } else if (type.equals("chinese")) {
            return new BJChinesePizza();
        } else {
            System.out.println("此种类披萨不存在！");
            return null;
        }
    }
}

	主函数

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BJPizzaStore bjPizzaStore = new BJPizzaStore();
        bjPizzaStore.orderPizza("cheese");
        NYPizzaStore nyPizzaStore = new NYPizzaStore();
        nyPizzaStore.orderPizza("chineses");
    }
}

3.抽象工厂模式

	创建抽象工厂

public interface AbstractFactory {
    Pizza createPizza(String type);
}

public class BJPizzaFactory implements AbstractFactory {
    @Override
    public Pizza createPizza(String type) {
        if (type.equals("cheese")) {
            return new BJCheesePizza();
        } else if (type.equals("chinese")) {
            return new BJChinesePizza();
        } else {
            System.out.println("此种类披萨不存在！");
            return null;
        }
    }
}

public class NYPizzaFactory implements AbstractFactory {
    @Override
    public Pizza createPizza(String type) {
        if (type.equals("cheese")) {
            return new NYCheesePizza();
        } else if (type.equals("chinese")) {
            return new NYChinesePizza();
        } else {
            System.out.println("此种类披萨不存在！");
            return null;
        }
    }
}

public class PizzaStore {
    AbstractFactory abstractFactory;

    public void PizzaStore() {}

    public void setAbstractFactory(AbstractFactory abstractFactory) {
        this.abstractFactory = abstractFactory;
    }

    public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
        Pizza pizza = null;
        pizza = abstractFactory.createPizza(type);
        if (pizza != null) {
            pizza.prepare();
            pizza.bake();
            pizza.cut();
            pizza.box();
        }
        return pizza;
    }
}

	主函数

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PizzaStore pizzaStore = new PizzaStore();
        pizzaStore.setAbstractFactory(new BJPizzaFactory());
        pizzaStore.orderPizza("cheese");

        PizzaStore pizzaStore2 = new PizzaStore();
        pizzaStore2.setAbstractFactory(new NYPizzaFactory());
        pizzaStore2.orderPizza("chinese");
    }
}