selenium添加代理（有账号密码）

crayonJJ

已于 2024-04-10 17:49:08 修改

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文章标签： selenium 测试工具

于 2024-04-10 15:49:07 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/crayonjingjing/article/details/137596882

版权

以下为各种尝试的记录，正确实现可直接参考最后一条！

1，导入Proxy库来添加capabilities属性：可以访问网站，但ip还是本机ip

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import Proxy, ProxyType
import time

def get_proxy():
    proxy_host = "xxx"  # 获取隧道服务器地址
    proxy_port = "xxx"  # 获取隧道服务器端口
    key = "xxx"  # 用户key
    passwd = "xxx"  # 用户密码
    proxies = Proxy({
        'proxyType': ProxyType.MANUAL,
        'httpProxy': '{}:{}@{}:{}'.format(key, passwd, proxy_host, proxy_port),
        'httpsProxy': '{}:{}@{}:{}'.format(key, passwd, proxy_host, proxy_port),
    })
    return proxies

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])

proxy = get_proxy()
capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME.copy()
proxy.add_to_capabilities(capabilities)
# 启动浏览器
browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options, desired_capabilities=capabilities)
browser.maximize_window()
browser.get("http://httpbin.org/ip")
time.sleep(2)
browser.quit()

2，直接options增加‘–proxy-server’：访问网页失败

proxy_auth = f"key:passwd@proxy_host:proxy_port"

chrome_options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server={proxy_auth}')

在这里插入图片描述
3，以下代码可以打开网站，但是没有自动输入账号密码

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import Proxy, ProxyType
import time

# 设置代理IP
proxy_ip = "xxx"  # 获取隧道服务器地址
proxy_port = "xxx"  # 获取隧道服务器端口
proxy_username = "xxx"  # 用户key
proxy_password = "xxx"  # 用户密码

# 设置代理
proxy = Proxy()
proxy.proxy_type = ProxyType.MANUAL
proxy.http_proxy = f"{proxy_ip}:{proxy_port}"

# 配置代理的认证信息
capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME.copy()
proxy_auth = f"{proxy_username}:{proxy_password}"
capabilities['proxy'] = {
    'httpProxy': proxy.http_proxy,
    'ftpProxy': proxy.http_proxy,
    'sslProxy': proxy.http_proxy,
    'proxyType': 'MANUAL',
    'socksUsername': proxy_username,
    'socksPassword': proxy_password
}

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])

browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
browser.maximize_window()
browser.get("http://httpbin.org/ip")
time.sleep(2)
browser.quit()

在这里插入图片描述

4，查询博客：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2376251
Selenium-Chrome-HTTP-Private-Proxy HTTP 代理解决方案
默认情况下，Chrome的–proxy-server="http://ip:port"参数不支持设置用户名和密码认证。因此"Selenium + Chrome Driver"无法使用HTTP Basic Authentication的HTTP代理。一种变通的方式就是采用IP地址认证，但在国内网络环境下，大多数用户都采用ADSL形式网络接入，IP是变化的，也无法采用IP地址绑定认证。因此迫切需要找到一种让Chrome自动实现HTTP代理用户名密码认证的方案。
Stackoverflow上有人分享了一种利用Chrome插件实现自动代理用户密码认证的方案非常不错，详细地址：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9888323/how-to-override-basic-authentication-in-selenium2-with-java-using-chrome-driver
鲲之鹏的技术人员在此思路的基础上用Python实现了自动化的Chrome插件创建过程，即根据指定的代理“username:password@ip:port”自动创建一个Chrome代理插件，然后可以在"Selenium + Chrome Driver"中通过安装该插件实现代理配置功能（插件地址：https://github.com/RobinDev/Selenium-Chrome-HTTP-Private-Proxy）
如何实现

1.访问插件地址下载插件，放在项目目录中供使用
2.编写代码

import time
import string
import zipfile
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

def create_proxyauth_extension(proxy_host, proxy_port,proxy_username, proxy_password,scheme='http', plugin_path=None):
    """Proxy Auth Extension
    args:
        proxy_host (str): domain or ip address, ie proxy.domain.com
        proxy_port (int): port
        proxy_username (str): auth username
        proxy_password (str): auth password
    kwargs:
        scheme (str): proxy scheme, default http
        plugin_path (str): absolute path of the extension
    return str -> plugin_path
    """
    if plugin_path is None:
        plugin_path = 'Selenium-Chrome-HTTP-Private-Proxy.zip'
    manifest_json = """
    {
        "version": "1.0.0",
        "manifest_version": 2,
        "name": "Chrome Proxy",
        "permissions": [
            "proxy",
            "tabs",
            "unlimitedStorage",
            "storage",
            "<all_urls>",
            "webRequest",
            "webRequestBlocking"
        ],
        "background": {
            "scripts": ["background.js"]
        },
        "minimum_chrome_version":"22.0.0"
    }
    """
    background_js = string.Template(
        """
        var config = {
                mode: "fixed_servers",
                rules: {
                  singleProxy: {
                    scheme: "${scheme}",
                    host: "${host}",
                    port: parseInt(${port})
                  },
                  bypassList: ["foobar.com"]
                }
              };
        chrome.proxy.settings.set({value: config, scope: "regular"}, function() {});
        function callbackFn(details) {
            return {
                authCredentials: {
                    username: "${username}",
                    password: "${password}"
                }
            };
        }
        chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener(
                    callbackFn,
                    {urls: ["<all_urls>"]},
                    ['blocking']
        );
        """
    ).substitute(
        host=proxy_host,
        port=proxy_port,
        username=proxy_username,
        password=proxy_password,
        scheme=scheme,
    )
    with zipfile.ZipFile(plugin_path, 'w') as zp:
        zp.writestr("manifest.json", manifest_json)
        zp.writestr("background.js", background_js)

    return plugin_path

def configure_headless_browser(proxy_config):
    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
    proxyauth_plugin_path = create_proxyauth_extension(
        proxy_host=proxy_config[0],
        proxy_port=proxy_config[1],
        proxy_username=proxy_config[2],
        proxy_password=proxy_config[3]
    )
    chrome_options.add_extension(proxyauth_plugin_path)
    return webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
# 设置代理IP：分别填入代理ip，端口，账号，密码
proxy_config = ["xxx", "xxx", "xxx", "xxx"]

driver = configure_headless_browser(proxy_config)
driver.get('http://httpbin.org/ip')

time.sleep(3)
driver.quit()