装系统
- 做镜像盘
- F11键
- 安装选someelses
- 自己设置分区,先合再分,只有swap2G(这里结合自己情况),剩下的全是etc4,分给根目录
- 重启进入先解决显卡驱动
显卡驱动
禁用Nouveau显卡驱动 (不一定用的上)
很多同学在安装好了Nvidia显卡驱动后,重启电脑发现进不了Ubuntu系统,电脑会卡在某个界面。出现这种异常的原因一般是在重启之前没有禁用Nouveau
显卡驱动,尽管已经安装好了Nvidia驱动,但系统还是默认地去加载Nouveau驱动,这就会导致无法进入Ubuntu系统。很多网友对这种现象表示愤怒,实际
上这确实是Ubuntu团队的锅,具体怎么回事可以Google一下。
具体操作:
-
在/etc/modprobe.d/目录下创建blacklist-nouveau.conf文件并添加以下内容
sudo vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf
blacklist vga16fb blacklist rivafb blacklist nvidiafb blacklist rivatv blacklist nouveau
-
修改blacklist.conf
sudo vim /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
blacklist vga16fb blacklist rivafb blacklist nvidiafb blacklist rivatv blacklist nouveau
-
刷新内核,再重启生效
sudo update-initramfs -u
reboot
-
如何检验是否有效地禁用了Nerveau驱动?唯一的办法就是重启电脑,执行一下命令:
sudo lsmod | grep nouveau
若无输出内容,则表示禁用成功。
安装显卡驱动
软件和更新->附加驱动->选一个,这里都用系统自带的。
安好重启
语言库联网下载
搜狗输入法
安装依赖
sudo apt install libqt5qml5 libqt5quick5 libqt5quickwidgets5 qml-module-qtquick2
sudo apt install libgsettings-qt1
语言支持里选 fcitx
sudo apt install fcitx
卸载系统ibus输入法框架
在终端执行
sudo apt purge ibus
dpkg -i
重启
安装各种编译需要的包,包括gcc和g++等
sudo apt-get install build-essential
上述可能已经包括了
sudo apt install gcc
sudo apt install g++
安装cuda
- 下载runfile,跟着执行官网的命令
- 安装时去掉驱动
- 安装完成后会有这个
===========
= Summary =
===========
Driver: Not Selected
Toolkit: Installed in /usr/local/cuda-10.2/
Samples: Installed in /home/gsh/, but missing recommended libraries
Please make sure that
- PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-10.2/bin
- LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-10.2/lib64, or, add /usr/local/cuda-10.2/lib64 to /etc/ld.so.conf and run ldconfig as root
To uninstall the CUDA Toolkit, run cuda-uninstaller in /usr/local/cuda-10.2/bin
Please see CUDA_Installation_Guide_Linux.pdf in /usr/local/cuda-10.2/doc/pdf for detailed information on setting up CUDA.
***WARNING: Incomplete installation! This installation did not install the CUDA Driver. A driver of version at least 440.00 is required for CUDA 10.2 functionality to work.
To install the driver using this installer, run the following command, replacing <CudaInstaller> with the name of this run file:
sudo <CudaInstaller>.run --silent --driver
Logfile is /var/log/cuda-installer.log
按照要求填环境变量就行了
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.2/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-10.2/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=/usr/bin:$PATH
source .bashrc
验证:nvcc -V
安装cudnn
- 下载第一个tar格式的
cuDNN Library for Linux (x86)
,7.6.5的,因为8.0.2的不支持yolov3 - 完事跟着官网安装指南,无非就是复制文件+更改权限
$ sudo cp cudnn-*-archive/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/include $ sudo cp -P cudnn-*-archive/lib/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64 $ sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
- 查看CUDNN的版本:
cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn_version.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2
- 验证官网也有,验证前要把这个安装了,(其实不验证挺好的)
安装python
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy
sudo apt-get install python3.7-dev python-numpy
版本安一个3.7一个2.7
安装opencv
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config
sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg-dev libswscale-dev libtiff5-dev
sudo apt install libpng-dev libopenexr-dev libtiff-dev libwebp-dev
sudo apt install libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgstreamer1.0-dev
sudo apt install libopencv-dev
OK,这样安装的是3.2.0版本,安给了系统
关闭休眠
打开终端:
sudo vim /etc/systemd/logind.conf
然后将其中的:
#HandleLidSwitch=suspend
改成:
HandleLidSwitch=ignore
或者直接重启
sudo shutdown -r now
即可使设置生效。
装miniconda
下载miniconda
bash ./Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
conda常用命令
改源
1. ubuntu(清华源)(apt install …)
ubuntu(阿里源)
完事之后记得sudo apt-get update