spring4+hibernate4配置过程中遇到的问题

最新推荐文章于 2019-12-06 10:00:52 发布

Watson4Lin

最新推荐文章于 2019-12-06 10:00:52 发布

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： spring4 hibernate4

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/crazyitlhs/article/details/47440789

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1.在web.xml中配置spring（包括springMVC）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	version="2.5">
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>
			classpath:applicationContext.xml
		</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	
	<!-- spring framework -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>
			org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
		</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<filter>
		<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>singleSession</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<!-- Spring MVC  -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>


	<filter>
		<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>
			org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
		</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<!-- Session 超时配置，单位是分钟 -->
	<session-config>
		<session-timeout>20</session-timeout>
	</session-config>

	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2.配置applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

	<!-- 让spring关注配置文件 -->
	<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
		class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="location">
			<value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置spring关注注解Annotation -->
	<context:annotation-config/>
	<!-- 使用Annotation自动注册Bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.watson.*"/>
	
	<!-- 配置c3p0数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
      <property name="driverClass">
        <value>${jdbc.driverClassName}</value>
      </property>
      <property name="jdbcUrl">
        <value>${jdbc.url}</value>
      </property>
      <property name="user">
       <value>${jdbc.username}</value>
      </property>
      <property name="password">
       <value>${jdbc.password}</value>
      </property>
      <property name="initialPoolSize"><value>1</value></property>
      <property name="minPoolSize"><value>1</value></property>
      <property name="maxPoolSize"><value>20</value></property>
      <property name="acquireIncrement"><value>2</value></property>
      <property name="maxIdleTime"><value>10</value></property>
      <property name="maxStatements"><value>0</value></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置hibernate4的sessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"  >
	    <property name="dataSource"><ref bean="dataSource"/></property>
	    <!-- 这一属性非常重要，只有被该属性扫描到的entity才会被当做hibernate的entity来使用，否则会报org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity -->
	    <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.watson"/>
	    <property name="hibernateProperties">
	      <props>	      	    
	          <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
	          <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>	          
	          <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>	          
	          <prop key="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">false</prop>
	          <prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider</prop>
	          <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9iDialect</prop>
	      </props>
	    </property>
	  </bean>

	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"
		abstract="false" lazy-init="false" autowire="default"
		dependency-check="default">
		<property name="dataSource">
			<ref bean="dataSource" />
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 定义事务 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 配置 Annotation 驱动，扫描@Transactional注解的类定义事务 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
	
	<!-- 定义事务的传播属性 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="set*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
			
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>			
			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>
			<tx:method name="query*" read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>			
			<tx:method name="select*" read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"/>				
					
			<tx:method name="*" rollback-for="Exception"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>	
	<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
		<aop:pointcut id="txNeed" expression="execution(* com.watson.app.service..*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="txNeed" advice-ref="txAdvice"/>
	</aop:config>
</beans>

3.配置spring-mvc.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd             
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">
    
    <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持，激活@Controller模式 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
   
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.watson.*" >
		<context:include-filter type="annotation" 
		expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
	</context:component-scan>

	
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix"><value>/views/</value></property>
        <property name="suffix"><value>.jsp</value></property>
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
    </bean> 
</beans>

4.Spring4+Hibernate4中不再支持HibernaterTemplate，只能使用原生的session接口来操作。在Hibernate4中也有HibernaterTemplate，但是如果没有用getCurrentSession()开启一个session，那么hibernate会自己调用openSession()，但是同时调用setFlushMode(FlushMode.MANUAL)，导致操作模式变成只读(readonly)，所以在执行save,update,delete等操作时都会报不允许写操作的错误。如果非要使用HibernaterTemplate，那么必须先要用session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.AUTO)设置操作模式为自动。所以建议不要使用HibernaterTemplate，而是用原生的session接口操作数据库。

5.配置好所以配置文件后，按照注解的方式用@Entity注解entity类，结果一直报unkown entity的错误，原因如下：

首先注解的@Entity是在import javax.persistence.Entity;这个包下面，而不是hibernate的注解包里。

其次是必须在applicationContext.xml文件配置sessionFactory工厂Bean是必须加入一个属性

<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.watson"/>，加入这个属性之后工厂类才会去扫描com.watson包下面所有用@Entity注解的实体类。

6.报org.hibernate.AnnotationException: No identifier specified for entity错误，hibernate需要提供一个唯一标识ID，在实体类中可以用以下注解标识

@Id

@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE)

@Column(name="EMPNO")

private Integer empno;

此处特别注意注解是标注在属性声明上，不能标注在setXXX方法上，否则也会报这个错误。

7.报java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.jsp.jstl.core.Config错误，加入以下包就可以了

        <dependency>
		<groupId>jstl</groupId>
		<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
		<version>1.1.2</version>
	</dependency>
        
        <dependency>
		<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
		<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
		<version>1.1.2</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>javax</groupId>
		<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
		<version>7.0</version>
		<scope>provided</scope> 
	</dependency>