《Rust权威指南》第20章 最后的项目：构建多线程Web服务器

教程原文在Rust程序设计语言：构建多线程Web服务器
完整代码在github

本章的大头实际上是实现一个线程池

• 线程池主体：包括一个用于存储线程的容器，一个通道的发送端
• 为线程池实现execute函数，该函数接受一个闭包，并将其发送到通道里去
• 线程池中的每个线程中执行的任务是：不断的尝试从通道中获取闭包，一旦获取成功，对闭包进行执行

线程池：

pub struct ThreadPool {
    workers: Vec<Worker>,
    sender: mpsc::Sender<Message>,
}

impl ThreadPool {
    pub fn new(size:usize) -> ThreadPool {
        assert!(size>0);
        let mut workers = Vec::with_capacity(size);
        
        let (sender,receiver) = mpsc::channel();
        let receiver = Arc::new(Mutex::new(receiver));

        for i in 0..size {
            workers.push(Worker::new(
                i,
                Arc::clone(&receiver),
            ));
        }

        ThreadPool { workers ,sender}
    }

    pub fn execute<F>(&self,f:F)
        where F:FnOnce()+Send+'static
    {
        let job = Box::new(f);
        self.sender.send(Message::NewJob(job)).unwrap();
    }
}

impl Drop for ThreadPool {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        println!("Sending terminate to all workers");
        for _ in &mut self.workers {
            self.sender.send(Message::Terminate).unwrap();
        }

        println!("Shutting down all workers->");
        for worker in &mut self.workers {
            println!("Shuttting down worker:{}",worker.id);

            if let Some(thread) = worker.thread.take() {
                thread.join().unwrap();
            }
        }
    }
}

用于存储闭包的结构

struct Worker {
    id:usize,
    thread:Option<thread::JoinHandle<()>>,
}

impl Worker {
    fn new(id:usize,receiver:Arc<Mutex<mpsc::Receiver<Message>>>) -> Worker {
        let thread = thread::spawn(move ||{
            loop {
                let message = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv().unwrap();
                
                match message {
                    Message::NewJob(job) => {
                        println!("Worker:{} working->",id);
                        job();
                    },
                    Message::Terminate => {
                        println!("Worker:{} told to be terminated",id);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        Worker { id, thread:Some(thread) }
    }
}

通道中传输信息的结构

type Job = Box<dyn FnOnce()+Send+'static>;
enum Message {
    NewJob(Job),
    Terminate,
}