[学习笔记]PostGresql安装步骤（Linux）

PostGresql安装实测过程（Linux）

一、数据库介质下载：https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.4.0/postgresql-9.4.0.tar.bz2,并上传，解压到linux服务器上。

二、具体安装步骤（具体安装步骤可以查看安全介质中的 I NSTALL文件）：

    1）创建安装目录：
    
      [root@PostGres /]#  mkdir -p /pg94

    2）执行脚本安装(在root用户下执行)。

      [root@PostGres /]# cd /root/postgresql-9.4.0
     [root@PostGres postgresql-9.4.0]# ./configure --prefix=/pg94                     -----安装过程中可能会缺少动态库，可以用yum search 、yum install 来安装。

     checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
     checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
     checking which template to use... linux
     checking whether to build with 64-bit integer date/time support... yes
     checking whether NLS is wanted... no
     checking for default port number... 5432
     checking for block size... 8kB
     checking for segment size... 1GB
     checking for WAL block size... 8kB
     checking for WAL segment size... 16MB
     checking for gcc... gcc
     checking whether the C compiler works... yes
     checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
     checking for suffix of executables... 
     checking whether we are cross compiling... no
     checking for suffix of object files... o
     checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
     checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
     checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
     checking whether gcc supports -Wdeclaration-after-statement... yes
     checking whether gcc supports -Wendif-labels... yes
     checking for perl... /usr/bin/perl
     configure: using perl 5.10.1
      ... ...
     config.status: linking src/backend/port/sysv_shmem.c to src/backend/port/pg_shmem.c
     config.status: linking src/backend/port/unix_latch.c to src/backend/port/pg_latch.c
     config.status: linking src/backend/port/dynloader/linux.h to src/include/dynloader.h
     config.status: linking src/include/port/linux.h to src/include/pg_config_os.h
     config.status: linking src/makefiles/Makefile.linux to src/Makefile.port

      [root@PostGres postgresql-9.4.0]# make
    
    ... ...
    make -C config all
    make[1]: Entering directory `/root/postgresql-9.4.0/config'
    make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/postgresql-9.4.0/config'
    All of PostgreSQL successfully made. Ready to install.
   
     [root@PostGres postgresql-9.4.0]# su
     [root@PostGres postgresql-9.4.0]# make install
    ... ...
    make -C config install
    make[1]: Entering directory `/root/postgresql-9.4.0/config'
    /bin/mkdir -p '/pg9/lib/postgresql/pgxs/config'
    /usr/bin/install -c -m 755 ./install-sh '/pg9/lib/postgresql/pgxs/config/install-sh'
    make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/postgresql-9.4.0/config'
    PostgreSQL installation complete.
    
    3）创建用户以及数据库目录

      [root@PostGres ~]# useradd pg
     [root@PostGres ~]# mkdir -p /pg9/data
    [root@PostGres ~]# chown -R pg.postgres /pg9/data
    
    4） 配置环境变量

    [root@PostGres ~]# su - pg
    [pg@PostGres ~]$ vi .bash_profile

    export PATH
    PGLIB=/pg9/lib
    PGDATA=/pg9/data
    PATH=$PATH:/pg9/bin
    MANPATH=$MANPATH:/usr/local/pgsql/man
    export PGLIB PGDATA PATH MANPATH

    [pg@PostGres ~]$ source .bash_profile 

    5）初始化数据库

      [pg@PostGres ~]$ initdb 

    The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "pg".
    This user must also own the server process.
     The database cluster will be initialized with locale "zh_CN.UTF-8".
    The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
    initdb: could not find suitable text search configuration for locale "zh_CN.UTF-8"
    The default text search configuration will be set to "simple".
    Data page checksums are disabled.
    fixing permissions on existing directory /pg9/data ... ok
    creating subdirectories ... ok
    selecting default max_connections ... 100
    selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
    selecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posix
    creating configuration files ... ok
    creating template1 database in /pg9/data/base/1 ... ok
    initializing pg_authid ... ok
    initializing dependencies ... ok
    creating system views ... ok
    loading system objects' descriptions ... ok
    creating collations ... ok
    creating conversions ... ok
    creating dictionaries ... ok
    setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok
    creating information schema ... ok
    loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok
    vacuuming database template1 ... ok
    copying template1 to template0 ... ok
    copying template1 to postgres ... ok
    syncing data to disk ... ok
    WARNING: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
    You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
    --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
    Success. You can now start the database server using:
        postgres -D /pg9/data
    or
        pg_ctl -D /pg9/data -l logfile start

    6）启动数据库

    [ pg@PostGres ~]$ pg_ctl start

    server starting
    LOG:  database system was shut down at 2015-01-19 20:04:01 CST
    LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
    LOG:  autovacuum launcher started

      [pg@PostGres ~]$ ps -ef|grep postgres:|grep -v grep
    pg        8182  8180  0 20:04 ?        00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer process   
    pg        8183  8180  0 20:04 ?        00:00:00 postgres: writer process   
    pg        8184  8180  0 20:04 ?        00:00:00 postgres: wal writer process   
    pg        8185  8180  0 20:04 ?        00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process   
    pg        8186  8180  0 20:04 ?        00:00:00 postgres: stats collector process   


好了，至此数据库安装完成。

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