设计模式学习（一）：简单工厂模式练习

题目：以面向对象编程方式实现以下功能，输入两个数和操作符，进行“+”，“-”，“*”，"/"运行，显示结果

Operation.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace DesignPatterns
{
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 运算类
    /// </summary>
    public class Operation
    {
        protected string Sign = "";
        private double fNumberA = 0, fNumberB = 0;
        
        public double NumberA
        {
            get { return fNumberA;}
            set { fNumberA = value; }
        }

        public double NumberB
        {
            get { return fNumberB; }
            set { fNumberB = value; }
        }

        public virtual double Result
        {
            get { return 0; }
        }

        public string ToString()
        {
            return Convert.ToString(NumberA) + Sign + 
                   Convert.ToString(NumberB) + "=" + Convert.ToString(Result);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 加法运算类
    /// </summary>
    class OperationAdd : Operation
    {
        public OperationAdd()
        {
            Sign = "+";
        }

        public override double Result
        {
            get { return (NumberA + NumberB); }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 减法运算类
    /// </summary>
    class OperationSub : Operation
    {
        public OperationSub()
        {
            Sign = "-";
        }

        public override double Result
        {
            get { return (NumberA - NumberB); }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 乘法运算类
    /// </summary>
    class OperationMul : Operation
    {
        public OperationMul()
        {
            Sign = "*";
        }

        public override double Result
        {
            get { return NumberA * NumberB; }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 除法运算类
    /// </summary>
    class OperationDiv : Operation
    {
        public OperationDiv()
        {
            Sign = "/";
        }

        public override double Result
        {
            get 
            { 
                if(NumberB==0) {
                    throw new Exception("被除数为零");
                }
                return (NumberA / NumberB);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 简单工厂类
    /// </summary>
    public class OperationFactory
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据运算符取对应的运算类
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strOperation">运算符</param>
        /// <returns>运算类</returns>
        public static Operation GetOperation(string strOperation)
        {
            Operation fOperation = null;
            switch (strOperation)
            {
                case "+":
                    fOperation = new OperationAdd();
                    break;
                case "-":
                    fOperation = new OperationSub();
                    break;
                case "*":
                    fOperation = new OperationMul();
                    break;
                case "/":
                    fOperation = new OperationDiv();
                    break;
            }
            return fOperation;
        }
    }
}

客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;


namespace DesignPatterns
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Operation op = OperationFactory.GetOperation("*");
            op.NumberA = 123.22;
            op.NumberB = 111;
            Console.Out.WriteLine(op.ToString());
            Console.In.Read();

        }
    }
}

UML图

总结：

简单工厂模式就是利用面向对象的多态性，工厂类通过输入条件返回特定的实现类。