Linux 安装conda踩的那些坑_linux按装conda遇到的问题-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/csdn_kelly/article/details/120429322

一、安装anaconda3

1.下载anaconda

去官网或者清华源

2.使用如下命令进行安装

bash Anaconda3-5.2.0-Linux-x86_64.sh

安装的时候会让输入yes，一路yes，最后问要不要安装VS的时候no就行了【在这个过程中，有一个是否把anaconda路径加入~/.bashrc文件，如果输入yes就不用管了，否则就需要手动加入】

3.退出重新登录

4.which python 验证一下python是否是anaconda路径，如果是证明已经在anaconda环境了，就可以使用了

in：which python
out：/home/***/anaconda3/bin/python

5.使用python -m pip 确认一下pip是anaconda下的pip而不是系统下的pip

1号坑：安装完没有重新登录使用conda list 会提示找不到conda命令，导致我以为没有安装好，重复了好多次

2号坑：看了好多博客，关于设置anaconda路径，有说在～/.bashrc文件下，有说在～/.bash_profile，也有说在/etc/profile下，我尝试将三个都设置了，也用source ～/文件命令进行更新了，结果也不行，搞得自己都迷茫了，重新装anaconda了好多次。最终冷静下来好好的看安装的时候都说了些什么，最后在提示是否把anaconda路径加入~/.bashrc文件时，输入yes，然后就没管设置路径的事了。最终成功了。

3号坑：使用anaconda安装第三方包时会导致python从3.6变为3.7，环境无法使用，所以使用pip时确定一下第三方包的版本

4号坑：卸载anaconda，如果不删除，且新安装的路径改变了，就会发生冲突

#第一步
rm -rf anaconda3
#第二步
删除配置文件里anaconda的路径设置代码

5号坑：安装后记得重新登陆一下。

二、安装miniconda3

1.下载安装包



wget  https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-4.5.11-Linux-x86_64.sh

因为我本地的是4.5.11，做环境移植需要保持相同版本，所以下载的miniconda3也是4.5.11，大家看情况下载

使用wget命令时出现如下错误：

原因是网络问题，重新下载即可。

2.安装

sh Miniconda3-4.5.11-Linux-x86_64.sh

#接下来一路yes和回车即可

3.关于环境移植的部分请参考

conda环境移植 - 前路有光，初心莫忘 - 博客园

1号坑：使用conda env create -f base.yaml创建环境时，提示如下错误

Solving environment: failed

ResolvePackageNotFound:
  - brotlipy==0.7.0=py36h9ed2024_1003
  - ca-certificates==2021.9.30=hecd8cb5_1
  - pillow==8.3.1=py36h5270095_0
  - argon2-cffi==20.1.0=py36h9ed2024_1
  - pcre==8.45=h23ab428_0
  - traitlets==4.3.3=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - libtiff==4.2.0=h87d7836_0
  - giflib==5.2.1=haf1e3a3_0
  - notebook==6.4.3=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - libwebp-base==1.2.0=h9ed2024_0
  - libwebp==1.2.0=hacca55c_0
  - mistune==0.8.4=py36h1de35cc_0
  - sip==4.19.8=py36h0a44026_0
  - dbus==1.13.18=h18a8e69_0
  - appnope==0.1.2=py36hecd8cb5_1001
  - mkl-service==2.3.0=py36h9ed2024_0
  - zlib==1.2.11=h1de35cc_3
  - expat==2.4.1=h23ab428_2
  - cffi==1.14.6=py36h2125817_0
  - pandoc==2.12=hecd8cb5_0
  - mkl_fft==1.3.0=py36ha059aab_0
  - readline==8.1=h9ed2024_0
  - cycler==0.10.0=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - importlib-metadata==4.6.4=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - pyzmq==22.2.1=py36h23ab428_1
  - ncurses==6.2=h0a44026_1
  - libsodium==1.0.18=h1de35cc_0
  - libpng==1.6.37=ha441bb4_0
  - terminado==0.9.4=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - lz4-c==1.9.3=h23ab428_1
  - matplotlib-base==3.3.4=py36h8b3ea08_0
  - jpeg==9d=h9ed2024_0
  - markupsafe==2.0.1=py36h9ed2024_0
  - libiconv==1.16=h1de35cc_0
  - openssl==1.1.1l=h9ed2024_0
  - tornado==6.1=py36h9ed2024_0
  - glib==2.68.0=hdf23fa2_0
  - lightgbm==2.3.0=py36h0a44026_0
  - kiwisolver==1.3.1=py36h23ab428_0
  - freetype==2.10.4=ha233b18_0
  - pandocfilters==1.4.3=py36hecd8cb5_1
  - zstd==1.4.9=h322a384_0
  - cryptography==3.4.7=py36h2fd3fbb_0
  - pysocks==1.7.1=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - scikit-learn==0.22.1=py36h27c97d8_0
  - mkl_random==1.1.1=py36h959d312_0
  - certifi==2021.5.30=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - intel-openmp==2021.3.0=hecd8cb5_3375
  - tk==8.6.10=hb0a8c7a_0
  - python==3.6.13=h88f2d9e_0
  - libgfortran==3.0.1=h93005f0_2
  - numpy==1.19.2=py36h456fd55_0
  - jupyter_core==4.8.1=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - libffi==3.3=hb1e8313_2
  - xz==5.2.5=h1de35cc_0
  - pip==21.2.2=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - matplotlib==3.3.4=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - setuptools==52.0.0=py36hecd8cb5_0
  - libcxx==12.0.0=h2f01273_0
  - mkl==2019.4=233
  - pyqt==5.9.2=py36h655552a_2
  - pyrsistent==0.17.3=py36haf1e3a3_0
  - qt==5.9.7=h468cd18_1
  - gettext==0.19.8.1=hb0f4f8b_2
  - icu==58.2=h0a44026_3
  - lcms2==2.12=hf1fd2bf_0
  - llvm-openmp==4.0.1=hcfea43d_1
  - zeromq==4.3.4=h23ab428_0
  - scipy==1.5.2=py36h912ce22_0
  - sqlite==3.36.0=hce871da_0
  - numpy-base==1.19.2=py36hcfb5961_0

经过各种尝试，最终发现一个解决方案，就是把下面显示的包全部放在base.yaml里pip下边，同时把dependencies里有的删除，如下：

name: base3.6
channels:
  - defaults
dependencies:
  - attrs=21.2.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - backcall=0.2.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - blas=1.0=mkl
  - bleach=4.0.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - charset-normalizer=2.0.4=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - click=8.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - decorator=5.1.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - defusedxml=0.7.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - entrypoints=0.3=py36_0
  - flask=1.1.2=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - idna=3.2=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - ipykernel=5.3.4=py36h5ca1d4c_0
  - ipython=7.16.1=py36h5ca1d4c_0
  - ipython_genutils=0.2.0=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - ipywidgets=7.6.5=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - itsdangerous=2.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - jedi=0.17.0=py36_0
  - jinja2=3.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - joblib=1.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - jsonschema=3.2.0=pyhd3eb1b0_2
  - jupyter=1.0.0=py36_7
  - jupyter_client=7.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - jupyter_console=6.4.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - jupyterlab_widgets=1.0.0=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - nbconvert=5.6.1=py36_0
  - nbformat=5.1.3=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - nest-asyncio=1.5.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - olefile=0.46=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - packaging=21.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - parso=0.8.2=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - pexpect=4.8.0=pyhd3eb1b0_3
  - pickleshare=0.7.5=pyhd3eb1b0_1003
  - prometheus_client=0.11.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - prompt-toolkit=3.0.20=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - ptyprocess=0.7.0=pyhd3eb1b0_2
  - pycparser=2.20=py_2
  - pygments=2.10.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - pyopenssl=20.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - pyparsing=2.4.7=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - python-dateutil=2.8.2=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - qtconsole=5.1.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - qtpy=1.10.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - requests=2.26.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - send2trash=1.8.0=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - six=1.16.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - testpath=0.5.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - typing_extensions=3.10.0.0=pyhca03da5_0
  - urllib3=1.26.6=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - wcwidth=0.2.5=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - webencodings=0.5.1=py36_1
  - werkzeug=1.0.1=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - wheel=0.37.0=pyhd3eb1b0_1
  - widgetsnbextension=3.5.1=py36_0
  - zipp=3.5.0=pyhd3eb1b0_0
  - pip:
    - aiofiles==0.7.0
    - concurrent-log-handler==0.9.7
    - contextvars==2.4
    - dataclasses==0.8
    - docopt==0.6.2
    - factor-analyzer==0.4.0
    - h11==0.9.0
    - httpcore==0.11.1
    - httptools==0.3.0
    - httpx==0.15.4
    - immutables==0.16
    - multidict==5.1.0
    - pandas==0.22.0
    - pipreqs==0.4.10
    - pyinstrument==3.4.2
    - pyinstrument-cext==0.2.4
    - pytz==2021.1
    - rfc3986==1.5.0
    - sanic==20.12.3
    - sniffio==1.2.0
    - threadpoolctl==2.2.0
    - ujson==4.2.0
    - uvloop==0.14.0
    - websockets==8.1
    - xlrd==1.2.0
    - yarg==0.1.9
    - matplotlib==3.3.4
    - tornado==6.1
    - libwebp-base==1.2.0
    - pillow==8.3.1
    - pyqt==5.9.2
    - numpy==1.19.2
    - qt==5.9.7
    - libffi==3.3
    - terminado==0.9.4
    - python==3.6.13
    - zeromq==4.3.4
    - cycler==0.10.0
    - xz==5.2.5
    - jupyter_core==4.8.1
    - mkl_fft==1.3.0
    - notebook==6.4.3
    - lcms2==2.12
    - sip==4.19.8
    - pyzmq==22.2.1
    - llvm-openmp==4.0.1
    - lz4-c==1.9.3
    - gettext==0.19.8.1
    - cffi==1.14.6
    - mkl==2019.4
    - openssl==1.1.1
    - mkl_random==1.1.1
    - libgfortran==3.0.1
    - scipy==1.5.2
    - ncurses==6.2
    - numpy-base==1.19.2
    - brotlipy==0.7.0
    - mkl-service==2.3.0
    - libpng==1.6.37
    - expat==2.4.1
    - tk==8.6.10
    - freetype==2.10.4
    - readline==8.1
    - kiwisolver==1.3.1
    - intel-openmp==2021.3.0
    - setuptools==52.0.0
    - importlib-metadata==4.6.4
    - mistune==0.8.4
    - pysocks==1.7.1
    - pip==21.2.2
    - lightgbm==2.3.0
    - cryptography==3.4.7
    - dbus==1.13.18
    - libiconv==1.16
    - glib==2.68.0
    - pcre==8.45
    - certifi==2021.5.30
    - ca-certificates==2021.9.30
    - argon2-cffi==20.1.0
    - libsodium==1.0.18
    - matplotlib-base==3.3.4
    - icu==58.2
    - markupsafe==2.0.1
    - giflib==5.2.1
    - scikit-learn==0.22.1
    - pandocfilters==1.4.3
    - zlib==1.2.11
    - libcxx==12.0.0
    - libwebp==1.2.0
    - appnope==0.1.2
    - sqlite==3.36.0
    - pandoc==2.12
    - jpeg==9
    - libtiff==4.2.0
    - traitlets==4.3.3
    - pyrsistent==0.17.3
    - zstd==1.4.9

之后再输入 conda env create -f base.yaml就可以愉快的安装了。

2号坑：安装包时提示如下错误：

>>pip install numpy
>>Looking in indexes: http://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
WARNING: The repository located at pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn is not a trusted or secure host and is being ignored. If this repository is available via HTTPS we recommend you use HTTPS instead, otherwise you may silence this warning and allow it anyway with '--trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn'.
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement numpy (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for numpy
WARNING: The repository located at pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn is not a trusted or secure host and is being ignored. If this repository is available via HTTPS we recommend you use HTTPS instead, otherwise you may silence this warning and allow it anyway with '--trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn'.

解决方案一：



pip install numpy -i http://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ --trusted-host pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

解决方案二：回到home/***下，用ls -a 显示出所有文件夹，使用cd .config打开文件夹，ls 后会显示pip文件夹，打开后找到pip.conf,设置如下：

[global]
index-url = http://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
[install]
use-mirrors = true
mirrors = http://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
trusted-host = pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

之后就可以愉快的pip了。

3号坑：安装第三方包的时候出现如下错误