Java基础之《注解处理器》

注解处理器分为：在运行时（Runtime）通过反射机制运行处理的注解，和在编译时（Compile time）处理的注解。

例子一：

用注解生成table，就像Java里用注解定义Bean一样。

实现生成如下表格代码

<table border="1">

  <tr align="center">

  <td width="100">111</td>

  <td width="50">333</td>

  </tr>

  <tr>

    <td>222</td>

    <td>444</td>

  </tr>

</table>

注解定义类：

Table.java

package myTest3;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Table {
	int border() default 0; //是否加粗
}

Tr.java

package myTest3;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Tr {
	String align() default ""; //对齐方式
}

Td.java

package myTest3;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Td {
	int width() default 100; //宽度
	int id() default 0; //序号
}

Student.java

package myTest3;

@Table(border = 1)
public class Student {
	
	@Tr(align = "center")
	@Td(id = 1, width = 100)
	private String name; //姓名
	
	@Td(id = 2, width = 50)
	private String id; //学号

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	
}

TestMain.java

package myTest3;

public class TestMain {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		Student student = new Student();
		student.setId("99");
		student.setName("张三");
		
		AnnotationUtil.getAnnInfo(student);
	}
}

注解处理类AnnotationUtil.java

package myTest3;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * 注解处理类
 *
 */
public class AnnotationUtil {

	public static void getAnnInfo(Object obj) {
		Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass();
		
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		
		if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Table.class)) {
			System.out.println("存在table注解");
			Table table = clazz.getAnnotation(Table.class);
			sb.append("<table border=").append("\"").append(table.border()).append("\">");
			
			Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
			//遍历field
			for(Field field :fields) {
				Method method = null;
				
				if(field.isAnnotationPresent(Tr.class)) {
					System.out.println("存在tr注解");
					Tr tr = (Tr) field.getAnnotation(Tr.class);
					sb.append("<tr align=").append("\"").append(tr.align()).append("\">");
			        
				}
				
				if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Td.class)) {
					System.out.println("存在td注解");
					Td td = (Td) field.getAnnotation(Td.class);
					sb.append("<td id=").append("\"").append(td.id()).append("\"").append(" width=").append("\"").append(td.width()).append("\">");
					//执行这个私有字段的get方法获取值
					String fieldName = field.getName();
					String methodName = fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()+ fieldName.substring(1);
					
			        try
			        {
			            method = clazz.getMethod("get" + methodName);
			        }
			        catch (SecurityException e) 
			        {
			            //e.printStackTrace();
			        } 
			        catch (NoSuchMethodException e) 
			        {
			            // e.printStackTrace();
			        }
				}
				
				try {
					sb.append(method.invoke(obj));
				} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				sb.append("</td>");
			}
			
			sb.append("</tr>");
			sb.append("</table>");
			System.out.println("字符串：" + sb);
		}
		
	}
}

执行结果：

存在table注解
存在tr注解
存在td注解
存在td注解
字符串：<table border="1"><tr align="center"><td id="1" width="100">张三</td><td id="2" width="50">99</td></tr></table>