javaee之JSON格式

JSON：
JSON：是一个JavaScript语言的一个子集，所以可以使用JavaScript来解析json数据


基本语法：
{} ：表示的是一个对象
[] :表示的是数组
“” ：表示普通的字符串
： ：用于属性名和属性值的表示，如：name：“张三”
， ：用于分割不同的元素（属性或者方法）


把数据转换成JSON格式，可以使用json.jar工具来进行转换


①、普通数据转换json：


测试类：
Demo：

package example_demo1;


import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;


import org.junit.Test;


public class Demo {


	@Test
	public void Test01(){
		//把数组数据转换成json格式
		String[] str = new String[]{"zs","sd"};
		String str1 = JSONArray.fromObject(str).toString();
		System.out.println(str1);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void Test02(){
		//把一个bean对象的数据转换成json格式
		City city = new City(1, "xs", new String[]{"cxc"});
		String s = JSONObject.fromObject(city).toString();
		System.out.println(s);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void Test03(){
		//把一个集合的数据转换成json的格式
		List<City> list = new ArrayList<City>();
		list.add(new City(1, "xs", new String[]{"cxc","sd","fs"}));
		list.add(new City(2, "fas", new String[]{"tq","gs","er"}));
		list.add(new City(3, "ga", new String[]{"hsc","gsA","hd"}));
		
		//得到的是一个数组，可以遍历读取
		//Object[] array = JSONArray.fromObject(list).toArray();
//		for(Object o : array){
//			System.out.println(o);
//		}
		String array = JSONArray.fromObject(list).toString();
		System.out.println(array);
	}
}

实体类：
City：

package example_demo1;


import java.util.Arrays;


public class City {


	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String[] address;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String[] getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String[] address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	public City() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public City(int id, String name, String[] address) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.address = address;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "City [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", address="
				+ Arrays.toString(address) + "]";
	}
	
	
}

②、把struts的数据存放在值栈中（可以使用struts-json-plugin.jar是struts整合json的工具）：


实体类：
City：

package example_demo1;


import java.util.Arrays;


public class City {


	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String[] address;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String[] getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String[] address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	public City() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public City(int id, String name, String[] address) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.address = address;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "City [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", address="
				+ Arrays.toString(address) + "]";
	}
	
	
}

Action：
CityAction：

package example_json_web;


import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;




public class CityAction extends ActionSupport {


	public String list(){
		List<City> citys = new ArrayList<City>();
		citys.add(new City(1, "深圳市"));
		citys.add(new City(2, "阳江市"));
		citys.add(new City(3, "茂名市")); 
		
		ActionContext.getContext().put("citys", citys);
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

Struts.xml：


在使用struts的时候需要把数据变成json格式，在struts.xml中将result的type为json，并且在extends的文件不在是struts-default
而是json-default，还需要就是设置一个固定的参数为root，值为存在值栈的数据

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
          
<struts>
	<package name="base" extends="json-default" namespace="/">
		<action name="city_*" class="example_json_web.CityAction" method="{1}">
			<result type="json">
				<param name="root">#citys</param>
			</result>
		</action>
	
	</package>
		
</struts>

测试的jsp：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>


<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
	<script type="text/javascript">
		window.onload = function(){
			
			var ajax=null;
			try{
			   ajax = new XMLHttpRequest();	
			}catch(e){
			   ajax = new ActiveXObject();
			}			


			var province = document.getElementById("province");
			ajax.onreadystatechange = function(){
					if(ajax.readyState==4 && ajax.status==200){
						var data = ajax.responseText;
						data = eval("("+data+")");
						for(var i=0;i<data.length;i++){
							var opt = document.createElement("option");
							opt.setAttribute("value", data[i].id);
							opt.innerHTML = data[i].name;	
							province.appendChild(opt);					
						}
					}
			};
			ajax.open("GET", "<c:url value='/city_list'/>");
			ajax.send(null);
		};
	</script>
	
	
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <select id="province">
    	
    </select>
  </body>
</html>