java设计模式之Iterator

Iterator

对容器元素的访问涉及到三个方面：

1. 容器的类型

2. 检索容器内元素的方法

3. 对元素的操作

首先要抽象出一个Collection接口代码如下：

public interface Collection {
	void add(Object o);
	int size();
	Iterator iterator();
}

然后抽象出一个Iterator接口代码如下：

public interface Iterator {
	Object next();
	boolean hasNext();
}

然后自己实现一个ArrayList，具有基本的方法：

public class ArrayList implements Collection {
	Object[] objects = new Object[10];
	int index = 0;
	public void add(Object o) {
		if(index == objects.length) {
			Object[] newObjects = new Object[objects.length * 2];
			System.arraycopy(objects, 0, newObjects, 0, objects.length);
			objects = newObjects;
		}
		objects[index] = o;
		index ++;
	}
	
	public int size() {
		return index;
	}
	
	public Iterator iterator() {
		
		return new ArrayListIterator();
	}
	
	private class ArrayListIterator implements Iterator {
		private int currentIndex = 0;

		
		public boolean hasNext() {
			if(currentIndex >= index) return false;
			else return true;
		}

		
		public Object next() {
			Object o = objects[currentIndex];
			currentIndex ++;
			return o;
		}
		
	}
}

从代码中我们可以看出来，它实现了Collection接口中的add方法，使这个ArrayList变成了可以动态扩展的。自己定义了ArrayListIterator 类来实现Iterator接口。这样我们在遍历容器时就不需要关心具体的东西而只需要得到这样一个Iterator就可以了。其中测试类代码如下：

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//ArrayList al = new ArrayList();
		//LinkedList al = new LinkedList();
		Collection c = new ArrayList();
		for(int i=0; i<15; i++) {
			c.add(new Cat(i));
		}
		System.out.println(c.size());
		
		Iterator it = c.iterator();
		while(it.hasNext()) {
			Object o = it.next();
			System.out.print(o + " ");
		}
	}
}

下面给出LinkedList的代码：

public class LinkedList implements Collection {
	Node head = null;
	Node tail = null;
	int size = 0;
	public void add(Object o) {
		Node n = new Node(o, null);
		if(head == null) {
			head = n;
			tail = n;
		}
		tail.setNext(n);
		tail = n;
		size ++;
	}
	
	public int size() {
		return size;
	}


	public Iterator iterator() {
		return null;
	}
}

Node类代码：

public class Node {
	public Node(Object data, Node next) {
		super();
		this.data = data;
		this.next = next;
	}
	
	public Object getData() {
		return data;
	}
	public void setData(Object data) {
		this.data = data;
	}
	public Node getNext() {
		return next;
	}
	public void setNext(Node next) {
		this.next = next;
	}
	private Object data;
	private Node next;
}

随便写一个类Cat用来作为数据对象代码如下：

public class Cat {
	public Cat(int id) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
	}

	private int id;
	
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "cat:" + id;
	}
}