Android实现上传拍下的照片到服务器

  作为一个玩Android的新手，之前一直在玩有关UI的东西，很少接触后端，昨天网上帮同学完成一个项目，要求实现手机调用摄像头拍照，然后预览照片最后还要讲图片上传到服务端。于是就找到了这样一个github上的文档
上传拍下的照片、视频到服务器
  这个文档写的非常的清楚，代码也有，不过我这里还是想写点我的分析。

  Config这个类，这个类用于保存文件上传所送到的 URL 地址，还有在移动设备中存储图片/视频的目录名称。你可能需要在测试 App 时使用你自己的 URL 地址进行上传操作。上面的链接没有给出Config 的代码，其实也不需要给出 因为这里你只需要设置你上传文件的URL的地址就好了。这里我贴出自己的代码。

public static final String FILE_UPLOAD_URL = "http://XXXXXXXXX/fileUpload.php";         // Directory name to store captured images and videos
    public static final String IMAGE_DIRECTORY_NAME = "Android File Upload";

FILE_UPLOAD_URL就是你连接后端服务器用的，我这里用的是php，别的行不行我就不知道了，理论上是没问题。

AndroidMultiPartEntity这个类我也没有认真的去分析它，就知道它在进度条的进度增量上有用到。

后面就是MainActivity这个类了，这个类的界面很简单按钮一个就行（因为这里我只需要拍照不需要录像），这里我也把我的代码贴上，虽然没多大区别。

import java.io.File;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();

     private static final int CAMERA_CAPTURE_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE = 100;

     private static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;

     private Uri  fileUri;

     private Button btn_take,btn_load;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        btn_take = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_take);
        btn_load= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_load);

        btn_take.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                takephoto();
            }
        });

        if(!isDeviceSupportCamera()){
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Sorry! Your device doesn't support camera", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            finish();
        }




    }
    //检查设备是否有摄像机
    private boolean isDeviceSupportCamera() {
        if (getApplicationContext().getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(
               PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)) {
                    return true;
            } else {
                    return false;
            }
     }

    private void takephoto(){
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);

        fileUri = getOutputMediaFileUri(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE);

        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);

        // start the image capture Intent
        startActivityForResult(intent, CAMERA_CAPTURE_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
    }

     public Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type) {
         return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type));
     }

     protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
         // if the result is capturing Image
         if (requestCode == CAMERA_CAPTURE_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE) {
             if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {

                 // successfully captured the image
                 // launching upload activity
                 Log.e(TAG, "I have finish it");
                 launchUploadActivity(true);


             } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {

                 // user cancelled Image capture
                 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                         "User cancelled image capture", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                         .show();

             } else {
                 // failed to capture image
                 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                         "Sorry! Failed to capture image", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                         .show();
             }

         } else {
                 // failed to record video
                 Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                         "Sorry! Failed to record video", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                         .show();
             }
     }

     private void launchUploadActivity(boolean isImage){
         Intent i = new Intent(MainActivity.this, UpLoadActivity.class);
         i.putExtra("filePath", fileUri.getPath());
         i.putExtra("isImage", isImage);
         startActivity(i);
         Log.e(TAG, "Did i have finish");
     }

     private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type) {

         // External sdcard location
         File mediaStorageDir = new File(
                 Environment
                         .getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES),
                 Config.IMAGE_DIRECTORY_NAME);

         // Create the storage directory if it does not exist
         if (!mediaStorageDir.exists()) {
             if (!mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) {
                 Log.d(TAG, "Oops! Failed create "
                         + Config.IMAGE_DIRECTORY_NAME + " directory");
                 return null;
             }
         }

         // Create a media file name
         String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss",
                 Locale.getDefault()).format(new Date());
         File mediaFile;
         if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE) {
             mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator
                     + "IMG_" + timeStamp + ".jpg");
         } else {
             return null;
         }

         return mediaFile;
     }
}

  点击按钮即调用takephoto（）这个函数，这个函数就是请求手机调用摄像头的。当然别忘记在AndroidManifest.xml 中添加相应的权限 。
  拍照确定 保存该照片后，程序直接跳转到UploadAcitvity
因为我们在调用摄像头的时候使用的是startActivityForResult这个函数，这个函数是在你调用摄像头这个Activity完成后去执行onActivityResult（）这个函数，然后根据requestCode和resultCode两个参数决定实现某种功能，在这里若拍照成功，则返回RESULT_OK然后跳转到UploadAcitivity中去。这里我在学习下是怎么保存image的。
  我们可以看到takephoto()种有一个变量fileUri，从变量名就看得出是image的路径。好，接下来就是getOutputMediaFileUri和getOutputMediaFile，getOutputMediaFileUri（）函数中就只有一句代码，主要就是fromFile这个函数，这个函数的作用呢是从文件中创建一个URI。该URI的形式是“文件：//”。除’/’编码路径的字符。那么getOutputMediaFile这个函数肯定是将图片以及图片的信息放到保存起来作为一个文件。
  好的，最后我们进入UploadAcitvity中去，我们可以在launchUploadActivity（）这个函数中看到，在我们调用UploadAcitvity时还给她传了两个参数，一个是fileUri（图片的路径），一个是isImage（判断它是否是图片）。

package com.qingfeng.imageload;

import com.qingfeng.imageload.AndroidMultiPartEntity.ProgressListener;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.VideoView;

public class UploadActivity extends Activity {
    // LogCat tag
    private static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();

    private ProgressBar progressBar;
    private String filePath = null;
    private TextView txtPercentage;
    private ImageView imgPreview;
    private VideoView vidPreview;
    private Button btnUpload;
    long totalSize = 0;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_upload);
        txtPercentage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtPercentage);
        btnUpload = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnUpload);
        progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar);
        imgPreview = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imgPreview);
        vidPreview = (VideoView) findViewById(R.id.videoPreview);

        // Changing action bar background color
        getActionBar().setBackgroundDrawable(
                new ColorDrawable(Color.parseColor(getResources().getString(
                        R.color.action_bar))));

        // Receiving the data from previous activity
        Intent i = getIntent();

        // image or video path that is captured in previous activity
        filePath = i.getStringExtra("filePath");

        // boolean flag to identify the media type, image or video
        boolean isImage = i.getBooleanExtra("isImage", true);

        if (filePath != null) {
            // Displaying the image or video on the screen
            previewMedia(isImage);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                    "Sorry, file path is missing!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }

        btnUpload.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // uploading the file to server
                new UploadFileToServer().execute();
            }
        });

    }

    /**
     * Displaying captured image/video on the screen
     * */
    private void previewMedia(boolean isImage) {
        // Checking whether captured media is image or video
        if (isImage) {
            imgPreview.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            vidPreview.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            // bimatp factory
            BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();

            // down sizing image as it throws OutOfMemory Exception for larger
            // images
            options.inSampleSize = 8;

            final Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, options);

            imgPreview.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        } else {
            imgPreview.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            vidPreview.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            vidPreview.setVideoPath(filePath);
            // start playing
            vidPreview.start();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Uploading the file to server
     * */
    private class UploadFileToServer extends AsyncTask<Void, Integer, String> {
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            // setting progress bar to zero
            progressBar.setProgress(0);
            super.onPreExecute();
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
            // Making progress bar visible
            progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

            // updating progress bar value
            progressBar.setProgress(progress[0]);

            // updating percentage value
            txtPercentage.setText(String.valueOf(progress[0]) + "%");
        }

        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
            return uploadFile();
        }

        @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
        private String uploadFile() {
            String responseString = null;

            HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(Config.FILE_UPLOAD_URL);

            try {
                AndroidMultiPartEntity entity = new AndroidMultiPartEntity(
                        new ProgressListener() {

                            @Override
                            public void transferred(long num) {
                                publishProgress((int) ((num / (float) totalSize) * 100));
                            }
                        });

                File sourceFile = new File(filePath);

                // Adding file data to http body
                entity.addPart("image", new FileBody(sourceFile));

                // Extra parameters if you want to pass to server
                entity.addPart("website",
                        new StringBody("www.android.com"));
                entity.addPart("email", new StringBody("promisesaybye@gmail.com"));

                totalSize = entity.getContentLength();
                httppost.setEntity(entity);

                // Making server call
                HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
                HttpEntity r_entity = response.getEntity();

                int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
                if (statusCode == 200) {
                    // Server response
                    responseString = EntityUtils.toString(r_entity);
                } else {
                    responseString = "Error occurred! Http Status Code: "
                            + statusCode;
                }

            } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
                responseString = e.toString();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                responseString = e.toString();
            }

            return responseString;

        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Response from server: " + result);

            // showing the server response in an alert dialog
            showAlert(result);

            super.onPostExecute(result);
        }

    }

    /**
     * Method to show alert dialog
     * */
    private void showAlert(String message) {
        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        builder.setMessage(message).setTitle("Response from Servers")
                .setCancelable(false)
                .setPositiveButton("OK", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
                        // do nothing
                    }
                });
        AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
        alert.show();
    }

}

上面是有关UploadActivity的代码。最重要的肯定是上传到服务器的编写了—-UploadFileToServer（）里面的doInBackground（）这个函数中的uploadFile。里面有个addPart我去官网搜都没搜到，若有大神知道还望指点~