ftp文件传输协议_文件传输协议| FTP | 第2部分

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-11 15:34:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-01-11 15:34:10 发布

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原文链接：https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/file-transfer-protocol-ftp-part-2/

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ftp文件传输协议

访问FTP服务器 (Access to FTP servers)

The access to FTP servers can occur in two ways: through an interface or via the command line, both UNIX users as Windows users can access via the two modes. The command line mode is present in any distribution of UNIX and Windows-like, via Telnet.

对FTP服务器的访问可以通过两种方式进行：通过界面或通过命令行，作为Windows用户的UNIX用户都可以通过两种模式进行访问。通过Telnet，命令行模式存在于UNIX和Windows之类的任何发行版中。

From any accredited browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox, or even in Windows Explorer) is also possible to access an FTP server. Just for that, type in the address bar:

也可以从任何认可的浏览器(Internet Explorer，Firefox，甚至Windows Explorer)访问FTP服务器。为此，请在地址栏中输入：

; Ftp:// [username]: [password] @ [server]

; ftp：// [用户名]：[密码] @ [服务器]

ENTER

输入

方式和界面 (Ways and interfaces)

The underlying protocol to FTP can be run in interactive or batch modes. The FTP client provides an interactive interface, while HTTP and MIME use it directly. The protocol allows the recording and file retrieval, the listing of the folder, and change of the workbook.

FTP的基础协议可以交互或批处理模式运行。 FTP客户端提供一个交互式界面，而HTTP和MIME直接使用它。该协议允许记录和文件检索，文件夹列表以及工作簿的更改。

命令FTP客户端 (Commands FTP client)

FTP servers rarely change, but new FTP clients appear fairly regularly. These customers range in the number of commands that implement the majority of FTP clients implement trade only a small subset of FTP commands. Even though FTP is a protocol-driven command line, the new generation of FTP clients hide this orientation in a graphical environment, often highly developed.

FTP服务器很少更改，但是新的FTP客户端经常出现。这些客户的数量范围广泛，可实现大多数FTP客户端的命令数量仅可实现一小部分FTP命令的交易。尽管FTP是协议驱动的命令行，但是新一代FTP客户端在通常高度发达的图形环境中隐藏了这种方向。

The FTP client interface of the BSD UNIX is a standard by itself, having many commands archaic: TENEX oucarriage control that currently have no use. Commonly used commands are ocd, dir, ls, get eput.

BSD UNIX的FTP客户端接口本身就是一个标准，具有许多古老的命令：TENEX当前未使用的货物控制。常用命令是ocd，dir，ls，get eput。

The FTP has features that are now uncommon. Doftp After activation, a connection is established to the remote host. This connection involves the use of the user account on the remote host, with some FTP servers offer anonymous FTP.

FTP具有现在不常见的功能。 Doftp激活后，将建立到远程主机的连接。这种连接涉及在远程主机上使用用户帐户，某些FTP服务器提供匿名FTP。

Certain commands are what makes the bidirectional file transfer, they are:

某些命令是进行双向文件传输的原因，它们是：

Get the FTP server to the local host (mget for more than one file)
将FTP服务器获取到本地主机(通过mget获取多个文件)
Put to the FTP server from local host (mput for more than one file)
从本地主机放到FTP服务器(输入多个文件)

Note: Some commands may not work with the user is anonymous, as this account has limited rights to the operating system level.

注意：某些命令可能不适用于匿名用户，因为此帐户对操作系统级别具有有限的权限。

文件名的翻译 (Translation of file names)

The syntax of the filenames may be inconsistent between different operating systems. UNIX uses 128 characters, uppercase and lowercase letters, whereas DOS uses 8 3 characters and letters only. Some names can not be used in some systems. Due to this all the BSD ftp define rules for translating names.

文件名的语法在不同的操作系统之间可能不一致。 UNIX使用128个字符(大写和小写字母)，而DOS仅使用8 3个字符和字母。某些名称不能在某些系统中使用。因此，所有BSD ftp都定义了翻译名称的规则。

FTP消息 (FTP Messages)

FTP provides two modes of message transfer FTP: text (with appropriate translations) or binary (no translation). Each message includes a server identifier of three decimal digits (example: 226 Transfer complete). These messages can be viewed or not, using it for quiet or verbose mode, respectively.

FTP提供了两种消息传输FTP模式：文本(具有适当的翻译)或二进制(无翻译)。每个消息都包含一个三位十进制数字的服务器标识符(例如：226传输完成)。可以将这些消息分别用于安静或详细模式，而不能查看这些消息。

模式FTP客户端-服务器 (Mode FTP client-server)

The remote server accepts a connection control of the local client. The client sends commands to the server and the connection persists throughout the session (which are just a protocol that uses TCP).

远程服务器接受本地客户端的连接控制。客户端将命令发送到服务器，并且连接在整个会话中保持不变(这只是使用TCP的协议)。

The server creates a data connection to transfer data, and created a connection for each file transferred. These data are transferred from server to client and vice versa.

服务器创建一个数据连接以传输数据，并为每个传输的文件创建一个连接。这些数据从服务器传输到客户端，反之亦然。

The commands are separated from the data and the client can send commands during the data transfer. Closing the connection indicates end of file.

命令与数据分开，并且客户端可以在数据传输期间发送命令。关闭连接表示文件结束。

命令列表FTP (Command List FTPs)

The following commands can be executed by the FTP command line. FTP commands may be abbreviated, provided they do not form expressions ambiguous.

可以通过FTP命令行执行以下命令。 FTP命令可以缩写，前提是它们不要使表达式不明确。

Commands can be abbreviated. Here are the commands:

命令可以缩写。以下是命令：

!: Runs the command on the local machine.
！：在本地计算机上运行命令。
?: Similar to help.
？：类似帮助。
Append: Adds data to an existing file.
追加：将数据添加到现有文件。
Ascii: Set the transfer type to ASCII files.
ASCII：将传输类型设置为ASCII文件。
Bell: Emits a beep when a command is executed.
贝尔：执行命令时发出蜂鸣声。
Binary: Sets the file transfer type to binary.
二进制：将文件传输类型设置为二进制。
Bye: Closes the FTP session.
再见：关闭FTP会话。
Cd: Followed the path / directory changes to the provided directory.
CD：按照路径/目录更改到提供的目录。
Delete: Deletes a file.
删除：删除文件。
mDelete: For deleting more than one file mdelete is used.
mDelete：用于删除多个文件的mdelete。
Debug: Sets the debug mode.
调试：设置调试模式。
Dir: Displays the current contents of the directory server.
目录：显示目录服务器的当前内容。
Disconnect: Similar to bye.
断开连接：类似于再见。
Get: Gets a file from the server. For more than one file is used mget.
获取：从服务器获取文件。对于多个文件，使用了mget。
Glob: Selects the expansion for file names.
Glob：选择文件名的扩展名。
Hash: Demonstrates each block of the file during transfer. Each block consists of 1024 bytes.
哈希：演示传输过程中文件的每个块。每个块由1024个字节组成。
Help: List all available commands briefly.
帮助：简要列出所有可用命令。
Literal: Allows you to send arbitrary commands.
文字：允许您发送任意命令。
Ls: Displays an abbreviated list of the contents of the directory server.
Ls：显示目录服务器内容的缩写列表。
mls: For more than one folder, mls is used
mls：对于多个文件夹，使用mls
Mkdir: Creates a directory or subdirectory on the server.
Mkdir：在服务器上创建目录或子目录。
Prompt: Enable / Disable interactive mode.
提示：启用/禁用交互模式。
Put: Sends a file to the server. To send more than one file is used mput.
放置：将文件发送到服务器。要发送多个文件，请使用mput。
Pwd: Display the working directory.
Pwd：显示工作目录。
Quit: Ends the FTP session.
退出：结束FTP会话。
Quote: Sends the FTP server subcommands, as found on the server.
Quote：发送在服务器上找到的FTP服务器子命令。
Recv: Similar to get.
接收：类似于获得。
Remotehelp: Calls help the remote FTP server.
Remotehelp：调用帮助远程FTP服务器。
Rename: Renames a file.
重命名：重命名文件。
SEND: Similar to put.
发送：类似于放置。
Status: Get server state information.
状态：获取服务器状态信息。
Trace: Demonstrates the path of the file transfer.
跟踪：演示文件传输的路径。
Type: Specifies the type of representation.
类型：指定表示的类型。
User: Log on to the server.
用户：登录到服务器。
Verbose: Enables / disables the literal mode.
详细：启用/禁用文字模式。