哈佛架构与冯诺依曼区别_冯·诺依曼与哈佛建筑的区别

哈佛架构与冯诺依曼区别

Architecture of a micro computer or a micro controller refers to the arrangement of the CPU with respect of the RAM and ROM. Hence, the Von-Neuman and Harvard architecture are the two ways through which the micro controller can have its arrangement of the CPU with RAM and ROM.

微型计算机或微型控制器的体系结构是指CPU相对于RAM和ROM的排列。 因此，冯·诺伊曼和哈佛架构是微控制器可以通过RAM和ROM安排CPU的两种方式。

冯·诺依曼与哈佛建筑的区别 (Difference between Von Neumann and Harvard Architecture)

Point of Comparison	Harvard Architecture	Von Neumann Architecture
Arrangement	In Harvard architecture, the CPU is connected with both the data memory (RAM) and program memory (ROM), separately.	In Von-Neumann architecture, there is no separate data and program memory. Instead, a single memory connection is given to the CPU.
Hardware requirements	It requires more hardware since it will be requiring separate data and address bus for each memory.	In contrast to the Harvard architecture, this requires less hardware since only a common memory needs to be reached.
Space requirements	This requires more space.	Von-Neumann Architecture requires less space.
Speed of execution	Speed of execution is faster because  the processor fetches data and instructions simultaneously .	Speed of execution is slower since it cannot fetch the data and instructions at the same time.
Space usage	It results in wastage of space since if the space is left in the data memory then the instructions memory cannot use the space of the data memory and vice-versa.	Space is not wasted because the space of the data memory can be utilized by the instructions memory and vice-versa.
Controlling	Controlling becomes complex since data and instructions are to be fetched simultaneously.	Controlling becomes simpler since either data or instructions are to be fetched at a time.

比较点	哈佛建筑	冯·诺依曼建筑
安排	在哈佛架构中，CPU分别与数据存储器(RAM)和程序存储器(ROM)连接。	在冯·诺依曼体系结构中，没有单独的数据和程序存储器。 而是将单个内存连接分配给CPU。
硬件要求	它需要更多的硬件，因为每个内存都需要单独的数据和地址总线。	与哈佛体系结构相比，这只需要较少的硬件，因为只需要访问一个公共内存即可。
空间要求	这需要更多空间。	冯·诺依曼建筑需要更少的空间。
执行速度	因为处理器同时获取数据和指令，所以执行速度更快。	执行速度较慢，因为它不能同时获取数据和指令。
空间使用	这会导致空间浪费，因为如果在数据存储器中留有空间，那么指令存储器将无法使用数据存储器的空间，反之亦然。	不浪费空间，因为指令存储器可以利用数据存储器的空间，反之亦然。
控制性	由于要同时获取数据和指令，因此控制变得复杂。	由于一次要提取数据或指令，控制变得更加简单。

Image Source: https://www.polytechnichub.com/difference-harvard-architecture-von-neumann-architecture/

图片来源： https : //www.polytechnichub.com/difference-harvard-architecture-von-neumann-architecture/

The above given difference between the Harvard and Von Neumann architecture is very helpful in getting a clear understanding of the difference between the two types of architecture.

哈佛和冯·诺依曼架构之间的上述差异非常有助于清晰地了解两种架构之间的差异。

翻译自: https://www.thecrazyprogrammer.com/2019/02/difference-between-von-neumann-and-harvard-architecture.html

哈佛架构与冯诺依曼区别