pxe启动安装win7
Have you ever wished your Hypervisor could be installed at the push of a button, without the tedious searching for the install CD and answering the same boring installation questions? HTG explains how to PXE an automated installation of Citrix-Xen.
您是否曾经希望只需按一下按钮就可以安装Hypervisor，而不必繁琐地搜索安装CD并回答无聊的安装问题？ HTG解释了如何PXE自动化安装Citrix-Xen。
Photo Credit: Pink Sherbet Photography via Compfight cc
总览 (Overview)
We’ve shown you what is PXE and how you can easily install a server for it with FOG. In this guide, we will again extend on the excellent FOG foundation and add a menu entry to install an automated Citrix-Xen server.
我们已经向您展示了什么是PXE，以及如何使用FOG轻松为其安装服务器 。 在本指南中，我们将再次在出色的FOG基础上进行扩展，并添加菜单项以安装自动Citrix-Xen服务器。
Like in the Ubuntu live from FOG tutorial, the installation procedure isn’t purely PXE. It starts as PXE, as we provide the base “kernel”, “initial ram disk” (initrd) & other required files over PXE, but the rest of the procedure pulls the required files via HTTP.
就像在FOG教程中的Ubuntu live中一样，安装过程并非纯粹是PXE。 它以PXE开头，因为我们在PXE上提供了基本的“内核”，“初始ram磁盘”(initrd)和其他所需文件，但其余过程则通过HTTP拉取所需文件。
This procedure is mentioned in the Citrix-Xen knowledge base/instillation guide, but isn’t really a copy & paste type of a recipe, like the one that we will try to give you today.
Citrix-Xen知识库 / 灌输指南中提到了此过程，但它实际上不是配方的复制和粘贴类型，就像我们今天将尝试为您提供的那样。
In general, the components to this guide will be:
通常，本指南的组件为：
- Make the install CD files available via HTTP. 通过HTTP使安装CD文件可用。
- Create an automated answers file. 创建一个自动答案文件。
- Add the PXE files + menus entry. 添加PXE文件+菜单项。
Don’t worry, because we are building upon the FOG foundation, this will be easy…
不用担心，因为我们建立在FOG的基础上，所以这很容易...
Let’s get cracking.
让我们开始吧。
通过HTTP安装CD (Installation CD via HTTP)
One of the nice things with building upon the FOG foundation is that we already have a web-server up and running and ready to serve the required installation files.
建立在FOG基础上的一件好事是，我们已经启动并运行了Web服务器，并准备提供所需的安装文件。
We will copy the installation files over and not “loopback mount” the ISO like we did in the Ubuntu guide, because we want to keep the option of slip-streaming supplemental packs into the installation process.
我们将复制安装文件，而不是像在Ubuntu指南中那样复制ISO，而不是“环回安装”，因为我们希望保留在补充安装过程中进行补充流的补充选项。
Create the directory that will hold the install files:
创建将包含安装文件的目录：
mkdir -p /var/www/xenserver61/
mkdir -p /var/www/xenserver61/
Copy the entirety of the install CD into this directory.
将整个安装CD复制到此目录中。
Note: you may create as many directories as you wish. For example, I’ve had a directory for every major version of Citrix-Xen since v5.0.
注意：您可以创建任意数量的目录。 例如，自v5.0以来，我已经拥有Citrix-Xen的每个主要版本的目录。
自动答案文件(可选) (Automated answers file (Optional))
This stage is marked as optional, because you may wish to not automate the installation. If you opt to not automate the procedure, you will have to answer the installation questions on your own with one noticeable difference: when prompted for the installation source, you would have to choose “HTTP” instead of “local media” and provide the address manually.
此阶段被标记为可选，因为您可能不希望自动执行安装。 如果选择不自动执行该过程，则您必须自己回答安装问题，但有一个明显的不同：当提示您提供安装源时，您必须选择“ HTTP”而不是“本地媒体”并提供地址手动。
Just to keep the option of having the install CD mounted as a loopback device, we will put the answer file in the root of the webserver.
只是为了保留将安装CD挂载为回送设备的选项，我们将答案文件放在Web服务器的根目录中。
Create the answer-file by issuing:
通过发出以下命令来创建答案文件：
nano /var/www/xen-answerfile-61
nano /var/www/xen-answerfile-61
Make its content look like:
使它的内容看起来像：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<installation mode="fresh" srtype="lvm">
<primary-disk>sda</primary-disk>
<keymap>us</keymap>
<root-password>password</root-password>
<source type="url">http://192.f.o.g/xenserver61/</source>
<ntp-server>192.n.t.p</ntp-server>
<admin-interface name="eth0" proto="dhcp" />
<timezone>Asia/Jerusalem</timezone>
</installation>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<installation mode="fresh" srtype="lvm">
<primary-disk>sda</primary-disk>
<keymap>us</keymap>
<root-password>password</root-password>
<source type="url">http://192.fog/xenserver61/</source>
<ntp-server>192.ntp</ntp-server>
<admin-interface name="eth0" proto="dhcp" />
<timezone>Asia/Jerusalem</timezone>
</installation>
Where you would need to change the “timezone”, “root-password and “source url” to suit your requirements.
您需要更改“时区”，“ root-password”和“ source url”以满足您的要求的地方。
PXE文件 (PXE Files)
As mentioned in the overview, we need some files from the install CD to be available in our TFTP directory.
如概述中所述，我们需要安装CD中的一些文件才能在TFTP目录中可用。
To do this, create the TFTP directory that will hold the files by issuing:
为此，通过发出以下命令来创建将保存文件的TFTP目录：
mkdir -p /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61
mkdir -p /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61
Copy the files from the CD or the www directory by issuing:
通过发出以下命令，从CD或www目录复制文件：
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/boot/xen.gz /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/boot/vmlinuz /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/install.img /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/boot/pxelinux/mboot.c32 /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/boot/xen.gz /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/boot/vmlinuz /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/install.img /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
cp -av /var/www/xenserver61/boot/pxelinux/mboot.c32 /tftpboot/howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/
Note: The last file we copied, the “mboot.c32” module, needs to be compatible with your FOG’s version of PXElinux, If it isn’t, the boot procedure will fail. The module is easily obtainable from the Syslinux package.
注意：我们复制的最后一个文件“ mboot.c32”模块需要与您的FOG版本的PXElinux兼容， 如果不兼容，则引导过程将失败 。 该模块可从Syslinux软件包中轻松获得。
PXE菜单 (PXE Menus)
In the original FOG guide, we’ve hinted that we may be adding sub-directories in the future and have left a “template” menu file just for that. Let’s spawn another menu by copying the template file:
在原始的FOG指南中，我们暗示将来可能会添加子目录，并为此保留了一个“模板”菜单文件。 让我们通过复制模板文件生成另一个菜单：
cp -av /tftpboot/howtogeek/menus/template.cfg /tftpboot/howtogeek/menus/xen.cfg
cp -av /tftpboot/howtogeek/menus/template.cfg /tftpboot/howtogeek/menus/xen.cfg
Edit it by issuing:
通过发出以下命令进行编辑：
nano /tftpboot/howtogeek/menus/xen.cfg
nano /tftpboot/howtogeek/menus/xen.cfg
Append to its content to include the below:
附加其内容以包括以下内容：
label Citrix XenServer 6.1
#MENU DEFAULT
#MENU PASSWD
kernel xenserver/xen61/mboot.c32
append howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/xen.gz dom0_max_vcpus=4 dom0_mem=1024M console=vga --- howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/vmlinuz xencons=hvc console=hvc0 console=tty0 answerfile=http://192.f.o.g/xen-answerfile-61 install --- howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/install.img
label Citrix XenServer 6.1
#MENU DEFAULT
#MENU PASSWD
kernel xenserver/xen61/mboot.c32
append howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/xen.gz dom0_max_vcpus=4 dom0_mem=1024M console=vga --- howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/vmlinuz xencons=hvc console=hvc0 console=tty0 answerfile=http://192.fog/xen-answerfile-61 install --- howtogeek/xenserver/xen61/install.img
Where you would have to edit the IP to get the answer file to be your FOG’s IP.
您必须在其中编辑IP以获得答案文件作为FOG的IP。
Note: The “DEFAULT” and “PASSWD” directives are commented out because they don’t suit every situation. With that said, consider enabling them, because installing an OS could be really destructive if users get their hands on it…
注意：“ DEFAULT”和“ PASSWD”指令已注释掉，因为它们并不适合所有情况。 话虽如此，请考虑启用它们，因为如果用户动手安装操作系统，则可能确实具有破坏性……
Now add to the default menu entry, the newly created menu by issuing:
现在，通过发出以下命令，将新创建的菜单添加到默认菜单项中：
nano /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
nano /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
Append to its content to include the below:
附加其内容以包括以下内容：
LABEL Xen
MENU LABEL Xen
KERNEL vesamenu.c32
APPEND howtogeek/menus/xen.cfg
LABEL Xen
MENU LABEL Xen
KERNEL vesamenu.c32
APPEND howtogeek/menus/xen.cfg
Note: Location, in this case, matters. I suggest you don’t put it below the “fog.local” label.
注意：在这种情况下，位置很重要。 我建议您不要将其放在“ fog.local”标签下。
That’s it, you should be all set… Enjoy :)
就是这样，您应该一切准备就绪……享受:)
雾，借给我你的力量 ...
翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/162260/how-to-network-boot-pxe-an-automated-installation-of-citrix-xen/
pxe启动安装win7
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